[Correction of blood microcirculation parameters and endothelial function in chronic venous insufficiency of lower limbs]. / Korrektsiia parametrov mikrotsirkuliatsii krovi i funktsii éndoteliia pri khronicheskoi venoznoi nedostatochnosti nizhnikh konechnostei.

The authors assessed efficacy of the phlebotonic agent Venarus in treatment of patients presenting with chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities. The study included a total of 34 patients with various degree of chronic venous insufficiency according to the CEAP classification. Before the beginning of the study and on the background of treatment with Venarus we assessed the parameters of blood microcirculation by means of digital capillaroscopy of the nail bed of the fingers and toes, as well as determined the indices of arterial stiffness and endothelial function. All patients on the background of treatment demonstrated a decrease in the degree of symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency. A group of patients was revealed in whom treatment with Venarus turned out to be most effective: patients with initial perivascular oedema (an increase in the linear size of the perivascular zones) and a decrease in the mean velocity of capillary blood flow. On the background of treatment with Venarus they were found to have a decrease in perivascular oedema, an increase in the mean velocity of capillary blood flow, and improvement of endothelial function.

[Evaluation of the hypomagnetic environment effects on capillary blood circulation, blood pressure and heart rate].

Impact of attenuated magnetic field (MF) on human health is a hard-core issue of present-day cosmonautics. A series of experiments with animals exposed in attenuated MF revealed violent disorders in cardiovascular system development. Purpose of the work was to study effects of the hypomagnetic environment (HME) on capillary blood circulation, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in normal people. Participants (n = 34) were 24 men and 10 women free from cardiovascular symptoms. Mean age was 43.3 +/- 15.4 years. Thirteen participants, i.e. 8 men and 5 women, were randomly selected for a repeated investigation in the usual conditions (imaginary exposure); mean age in the group made up 47.9 +/- 18 years. Cardiac rhythm and heart rate were recorded using cardiac monitor Astrocard (Russia). BP was measured with the help of automatic blood pressure monitor Tonocard (Russia). Capillary circulation was determined using a digital capillaroscope (Russia) with high-speed CMOS-camera (100 frames/s). Time of HME exposure was 60 min. It was demonstrated that in healthy people free from cardiovascular symptoms HME increases capillary circulation rate by 22.4% as compared with records made under the usual conditions. There was a reliable HR reduction by the end of HME exposure with reference to the measurements taken at the onset. At the end of exposure, diastolic BP dropped considerably relative to mid-exposure values and systolic BP, on the contrary, made a significant rise.

[Influence of some weather factors and the geomagnetic activity on the development of severe cardiological pathologies].

The influence of weather factors (atmospheric pressure and temperature) and the geomagnetic activity on the development of severe cardiological pathologies has been studied using the daily data from two Moscow clinics, accumulated over a period of 12 and 7 years. It was shown that the most biotropic factors are variations of atmospheric temperature. The relative contribution of the geomagnetic activity to the development of diseases is only 20%; however, its action is combined with the effect of ordinary weather because both these factors affect the vascular tonus of humans.

[Investigation into microcirculation in the vascular bed of healthy people and patients at rest and during the LBNP test].

Computer capillaroscopy during the lower body pressure test (LBNP) provided additional information about the effects of orthostasis on blood microcirculation and separate estimation of blood velocity in arterial, intermediate and venous segments of capillaries. Microcirculation was demonstrated to be sensitive to the LBNP exposure as in healthy volunteered subjects, so in ischemic, including hypertensive, patients. The highest velocity of capillary blood and the lowest Kv were determined in ischemic patients including hypertensive, in whom venous velocity in capillaries prevailed over arterial (Kv < 1), whereas in healthy subjects Kv never fell below 1. 09. Results of the comparative investigations of blood microcirculation in healthy people and patients with various cardiovascular problems can be used in clinical and space medicine for assessment of the CVS functioning and orthostatic tolerance.

[Effect of geomagnetic disturbances on the blood coagulation system in patients with ischemic heart disease and prospects for correction with medication]. / Vliiane geomagnitnykh vozmushchenii na svertyvaiushchuiu sistemu korvi u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa i vozmozhnosti medikamentoznoi korrektsii.

The goals of this investigation were to study the influence of geomagnetic activity on platelet aggregation, blood coagulation in venous blood. The geophysical information was provided by the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Waves Propagation Russian Academy of Sciences. The most significant changes were obtained in increased platelets aggregation, blood coagulation during increased geomagnetic activity. All these effects may cause the development of angina pectoris. The using of acetyl acetylsalicylic enable decreased the negative effect of geomagnetic disturbances on patients with ischemic heart disease.

[Assessment of the effect of a geomagnetic storm on the frequency of appearance of acute cardiovascular pathology]. / Otsenki vliianiia geomagnitnykh byr' na chastotu poiavleniia ostroi serdechno-sosudistoi patologii.

The massif of data about acute coronary pathology and deaths of Central Railway Hospital (Moscow) is analysed during 1992-1993. The geomagnetic storms are characterised by their intensity and duration. The quantitative values of biotropic of the geomagnetic storms are given to different diseases. It is shown that during geomagnetic storms the number of cases of myocardial infraction increase to 2.5 times, the acute cerebral insult to 2 times, the angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia to 1.5 times and deaths to 1.2 times in regarding to the periods without the geomagnetic storms.

[Effect of geomagnetic activity on the functional status of the body]. / Vliianie geomagnitnoi aktivnosti na funktsional'noe sostoianie organizma.

A complicated nonlinear biological system should be in principal more sensitive to the external factors activity including geomagnetic disturbances. The complex of experimental studies based on this hypothesis were done simultaneously in two hospitals in Moscow as well as in condition of space orbital station, where just above-mentioned conditions are the case. This studies revealed that the reaction of astronauts to the geomagnetic storm involves a mobilization and activation of all centers of the sympathetic link, and as a result,--a significant increase and stabilization of pulse (heart rate), decrease of the heart rhythm variability and the power of respiratory waves. This nonspecific adaptation stress-reaction was accompanied by variations in the regulation of vascular tonus which is correspond to specific adaptation stress-reaction. The results of clinical examinations of healthy people and patients with the ischemic heart disease lead us to the conclusion that the reaction to the geomagnetic disturbances are mainly of one type and manifests themselves in deterioration of the physiological status, rheologic blood characteristics and the heart rate disturbances similar to ones observed in astronautes.

[Effect of passive screening for protecting patients with ischemic heart disease from the effect of geomagnetic disturbances]. / Primenenie passivnogo kranirovaniia dlia zashchity patsientov s ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa ot vozdeistviia geomagnitnykh vozmushchenii.

The idea of shielding patients against, negative influence of geomagnetic disturbances was declared by A.L. Tchijevsky. The shielding chamber for patients with high sensitivity to geomagnetic variations was created in Central Railway Hospital in 1991. The positive effect of protection of patients with ischemic heart disease during magnetic storms was demonstrated.

[Medico-biological effect of natural electromagnetic variations]. / Mediko-biologicheskie éffekty estestvennykh élektromagnitnykh variatsii.

Emergency ambulance statistical data accumulated in Moscow during March 1983-October 1984 have been analyzed. Diurnal numbers of urgent hospitalization of patients in connection with suicides, mental disorders, myocardial infarction, defects of cerebrum vessels and arterial and venous diseases have been examined. Intensity and duration of planetary geomagnetic storms were used as magnetic activity indices. Comparison of geomagnetic and medical data rows has shown that at least 75% of magnetic storms caused increase in hospitalization of patients with the above-mentioned diseases on 30-80% at average. The dependence of the value of biotropic effect on the duration of effect and intensity of magnetic storm is observed.

[Experience in using a diagnostic magnetometer in emergency care]. / Opyt primeneniia diagnosticheskogo magnitometra v klinkike neotlozhnykh sostoianii.

A new class of diagnostic magnetometric devices--magnetic storm indicators was created at the IZMIRAN. Magnetic storm indicators have the following advantages: small weight and dimensions, efficiency, low power consumption and low prices. Magnetic storm indicators could be used in medicine, in geophysics and for special purposes. Magnetic storm indicators could be used to determine and indicate the magnetic storm amplitudes in any region of the Earth in real time scale. In the paper we summarized the results of experimental works in clinics and shown a principle possibility of magnetometric equipment application for magnetic storm registration under conditions of industrial noises in urban environment.

[The effect of geomagnetic disturbances in capillary blood flow in ischemic heart disease patients]. / Vliianie geomagnitnykh vozmushchenii na kapilliarnyi krovotok u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

A total of 80 patients with ischemic heart diseases (men-47, women-33) were followed up daily during 2-3 weeks. We studied capillary flow in the cuticle above the nail (eponichium) with TV-capillaroscope, allowed to conduct prolonged studies. We evaluated capillary indices for perivascular edema, erythrocytes aggregation, blood velocity. Microcirculations data were compared daily values of geomagnetic activity (A-index), three-hour-range indices (K) and atmospheric pressure. In the first day magnetic storms pathological changes of capillary flow were detected in 71.5% patients with acute myocardial infarction (men-73.7%, women-69.2%). We could see appearance of perivascular edema, red blood cell aggregation, delay and slowing down capillary flow. Similar changes were detected in patient with angina pectoris in 64.8% (men-73.3%, women-56.3%). Number patients with ischemic heart diseases reacted upon geomagnetic disturbances exceed more then 2.5 times quantity patients, who react upon change of atmospheric pressure.