[Clinical, x-ray, and laboratory features of tuberculosis and osteomyelitis of the spine].

In 20% of cases, tuberculous spondylitis running with a prevalence of the exudative-necrotic type of a local tissue reaction has an acute onset with febrile fever, severe pains, and progressive neurological disorders and clinically resembles acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the spine. With a predominance of the productive type of a tissue reaction, tuberculous spondylitis resembles subacute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the spine. History data, laboratory parameters, and an X-ray follow-up are of great importance in its differential diagnosis.

[Elastic materials in surgery for inflammatory diseases of the vertebral column].

When 17 patients were surgically treated for spinal tuberculosis and osteomyelitis, anterior spine fusion was performed by A. Ye. Garbuz's procedure that was based on the replacement of a spinal defect by a carbon-carbonic implant that had rifampicin containers in the frontal sections, as well as by autologous bone grafts. The carbon-carbonic implants reliably fix an operated spinal portion, prevent the progression of kyphotic deformity, and create good conditions for autologous bone grafts to knit. An osteocarbonic block forms in the late postoperative period.

[Recovery of the support capacity of the vertebral column in patients with tuberculous spondylitis].

The paper presents the results of anterior spine fusion in 250 patients with tuberculous spondylitis involving 2 to 8 vertebrae, by using free and non-free autologous bone grafts, carbonaceous implants, and revascularized transplants. Anterior spine fusion added to posterior spinal fixation with a CD-type metal construction. A tuberculous process in the spine was cured in 96.1% of cases; the spinal support capability recovery rate was 95.2% in the early postoperative period and in 93.5% in the late one.

[Clinical classification of extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors propose a clinical classification of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which is based on the standard reporting signs. They give the definitions of classification criteria established in any locations of tuberculous infection: etiology (tuberculosis, BCG infection, tuberculoallergic lesions), the extent and activity of a process with regard to clinical and morphological stages; bacterial isolation with consideration of the drug resistance of Mycobacteria; the nature of complications and sequels, etc. The characterization of local lesion includes the determination of organ-dependent clinical forms of tuberculosis; the type and form of complication; residual and sequels.

[Clinical and laboratory features in tuberculosis and osteomyelitis of the spine]. / Kliniko-laboratornye osobennosti pri tuberkuleze i osteomielite pozvonochnika.

Tuberculous spondylitis runs atypically with its acute onset, high fever, and violent pain in 20% of cases. This disease is characterized by a high specific activity of T lymphocytes, by high levels of antituberculous antibodies, by a higher activity of adenosine deaminase, by higher concentrations of IgA and IgE. The gradual onset and few-symptom course of hematogenous osteomyelitis were revealed in 15% of cases. In osteomyelitis, there was a low concentration of antituberculous antibodies, higher levels of low and medium molecular mass, and IgG.

[Use of carbon-carbonic implants in surgery of tuberculous spondylitis]. / Primenenie uglerod-uglerodnykh implantatov v khirurgii tuberkuleznogo spondilita.

For surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis, carbon-carbonic implants were used for anterior spondylosis in 29 patients; in 14 of them bone autografts were additionally applied. Carbon-carbonic implants reliably fixed the operated part of the vertebral column, prevented an increase in kyphotic deformity, and, in combined plastic repair, created favorable conditions for consolidation of bone autografts. A bone-carbon block formed in the late postoperative period.

[Current reconstructive surgery for tuberculosis of the vertebral column and joints]. / Sovremennaia vosstanovitel'naia khirurgiia tuberkuleza pozvonochnika i sustavov.

There has been recently a rise in the incidence of complicated forms of bone and joint tuberculosis, one of its causes is its late diagnosis. The outcomes of surgical treatment in 390 patients with tuberculosis of the spine and large joints are presented. Vascularization of bone tissues and a graft has been found to substantially increase the efficiency of an intervention used and the use of carbon-carbonic implants and posterior clamps accelerates the time of formation of a bony trochlea and diminishes deformity of a vertebral column part undergone an operation. To improve the functional results of mobilizing surgery for tuberculous arthritis and its sequelae, low-traumatic operations using the arthroscopic devices, perichondrioplasty and endoprosthesis of large joints are being practically introduced.

[Results of decompression operations in patients with tuberculous spondylitis]. / Iskhody dekompressivnykh operatsii u bol'nykh tuberkuleznym spondilitom.

The paper summarizes the outcomes of decompression and decompression-reparative operations in patients with tuberculous spondylitis. Good surgical results with complete elimination or alleviation of neurological disorders have been achieved in 94.8% of cases.

[Attached rib grafts used in anterior spondylodesis]. / O nesvobodnykh rebernykh transplantatakh, ispol'zuemykh pri perednem spondilodeze.

The development of reparative processes after resection of the vertebrum bodies and anterior spondylodesis by a not-free rib transplant was studied in experiment and in 95 patients. Only in 1 of them the supporting capacity of the vertebral column was not restored. Transplants on the feeding pedicles for anterior spondylodesis should be used in all the cases where there are anatomical prerequisites for the formation of its feeding pedicle.