ABSTRACT
The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between a soy-based infant diet and the onset of puberty. We included studies in which children were fed a soy-based diet, and we compared them with those who were not. The primary outcomes were the onset of puberty in girls (thelarche, pubarche, and menarche age), boys (pubarche, voice change, testicular and penis enlargement age), and both (risk of delayed and precocious puberty [PP]). Search strategies were performed in PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and CENTRAL databases. Two reviewers selected eligible studies, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data from the included studies. The odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) were calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI) as a measure of the association between soy consumption and outcomes. We used a random-effects model to pool results across studies and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation to evaluate the certainty of evidence. We included eight studies in which 598 children consumed a soy-based diet but 2957 did not. The primary outcomes that could be plotted in the meta-analysis were the risk of PP and age at menarche. There was no statistical difference between groups for PP (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.09 to 2.94, 3 studies, 206 participants, low certainty of evidence). No between-group difference was observed in menarche age (MD 0.14 years, 95% CI -0.16 to 0.45, 3 studies, 605 children, low certainty of evidence). One study presented this outcome in terms of median and interquartile range, and although the onset of menarche was marginally increased in girls who received a soy-based diet, the reported age was within the normal age range for menarche. We did not find any association between a soy-based infant diet and the onset of puberty in boys or girls. Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42018088902.
Subject(s)
Infant Food/statistics & numerical data , Menarche , Puberty , Soy Foods/statistics & numerical data , Child, Preschool , Databases, Factual , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , MaleABSTRACT
[{"text": "A avaliação de parâmetros como sobras e resto-ingesta são comumente\r\nutilizados para conhecer e avaliar o desperdício em Unidades de Alimentação\r\ne Nutrição (UAN). O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar e analisar o desperdício\r\nde alimentos a partir dos índices de sobra limpa, suja e resto-ingesta de\r\numa UAN da cidade de Botucatu/SP. Para aferir o peso da preparação distribuída\r\nfoi feita a pesagem de uma cuba de cada preparação, depois de pronta,\r\nsendo descontado o valor do recipiente. Para a sobra limpa foram pesadas as\r\npreparações que permaneciam nos pass through quente e frio e para sobra\r\nsuja foram pesadas todas as cubas que haviam sido encaminhadas para a distribuição,\r\nonde foi descontado o peso do recipiente para ambas as pesagens.\r\nO peso do resto foi obtido por meio da pesagem dos restos dos alimentos\r\ndas bandejas dos comensais da área de devolução da unidade. Os resultados\r\ndemonstraram alto índice de desperdício na unidade, especialmente com relação\r\nàs sobras sujas que atingiram em média 19,15% (±8,05). Com relação\r\nao resto,os resultados se enquadraram no que qualifica a unidade como de\r\nbom desempenho, com média de 8,73% (±3,12);enquanto a sobra limpa atingiu\r\nmédia de 3,46% (±4,15).Sendo assim, faz-se necessária a implementação\r\nde medidas que minimizem esses resultados, a partir da observação diária e\r\ndesenvolvimento de campanha relacionada ao tema para conscientização dos\r\ncomensais e colaboradores.(AU)", "_i": "pt"}]
