Validación del Cuestionario de Climas Motivacionales empowering y disempowering en jóvenes deportistas mexicanos / Validation of the Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climates Questionnaire with young Mexican athletes

Resumen Introducción: El objetivo del estudio fue validar el Cuestionario de Climas Motivacionales Empowering y Disempowering (Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire-Coach, EDMCQ-C) en jóvenes deportistas mexicanos a través del análisis de sus propiedades psicométricas, fiabilidad, validez convergente-discriminante, concurrente y factorial (de primero y segundo orden). Método: Participaron un total de 1243 jóvenes deportistas mexicanos de 12 a 17 años. Resultados: Los análisis mostraron adecuadas propiedades psicométricas, tanto de fiabilidad por dimensiones y factores, como de validez, convergente-discriminante, concurrente, factorial, de dos dimensiones (AFC de primer orden) y de cinco factores con sus respectivas dos dimensiones (AFC de segundo orden). Conclusión: Estos datos sugieren que la versión adaptada al contexto mexicano es un instrumento válido y fiable para evaluar la percepción de los climas motivacionales que generan los entrenadores en jóvenes deportistas mexicanos.

Abstract Abstract Introduction: The aim of the study was to validate the Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire-Coach (EDMCQ-C) in young Mexican athletes through the analysis of its psychometric properties, reliability, convergent-discriminant, concurrent and factorial (first and second order) validity. Method: A total of 1243 young Mexican athletes aged 12 to 17 years participated. Results: Analysis showed adequate psychometric properties, both reliability by dimensions and factors, as well as convergent-discriminant, concurrent, factorial, two-dimensional (first-order CFA) and five-factor validity with their respective two dimensions (second-order CFA). Conclusion: These data suggest that the version adapted to the Mexican context is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the perception of motivational climates generated by coaches in young Mexican athletes.

Autonomous Motivation as a Mediator Between an Empowering Climate and Enjoyment in Male Volleyball Players.

The objective of this work was to analyze a mediation model concerning the perception of an empowering climate generated by a coach and enjoyment through the autonomous motivation of athletes. The sample consisted of 71 elite male volleyball players from six countries. The age range was 14 to 18 years (M = 16.5, SD = 0.96). The relationships between the perception of an empowering climate, autonomous motivation, and enjoyment were positive and significant. The mediation model showed that autonomous motivation acts as a mediator in the relationship between the perception of an empowering climate generated by the coach and the enjoyment reported by the athletes.

Relación entre clima empowering y diversión en pitchers de béisbol: el papel moderador de la motivación autónoma / Relationship between empowering climate and enjoyment in baseball pitchers: the moderator role of autonomous motivation / Relação entre clima empowering e diversão em arremessadores de beisebol: o papel moderador da motivação autônoma

Tomando como base la conceptualización jerárquica y multidimensional del clima motivacional, propuesto por Duda (2013), el objetivo de este estudio fue poner a prueba el papel moderador de la motivación autónoma en la relación entre la percepción del clima empowering creado por el entrenador y la diversión en la práctica deportiva en pitchers de béisbol. Participaron 97 pitchers Mexicanos (Medad = 14.12, DT = 1.09) pertenecientes a 39 equipos de 10 Ligas de Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Las variables psicológicas fueron evaluadas con las versiones adaptadas al contexto mexicano del Cuestionario de Clima Motivacional Empowering y Disempowering creado por el entrenador (EDMCQ-C), la Escala de Motivación en el Deporte (SMS-II), y la escala de Satisfacción Intrínseca en el Deporte (SSI). Los resultados del modelo de regresión de moderación rodados con PROCESS indicaron que: la motivación autónoma modera la relación entre el clima empowering y la diversión (B = -.15, p < .05), concretamente, para valores altos de motivación autónoma la relación entre clima empowering y diversión fue nula, pasando a ser esta relación positiva y significativa para valores de motivación autónoma inferiores a 2.05. En conclusión, la motivación autónoma modera la relación entre la percepción del clima empowering creado por el entrenador y la diversión en la práctica de pitchers de béisbol

Based on Duda's (2013) hierarchical and multidimensional conceptualization of the motivational climate, the objective of this study was to test the moderating role of autonomous motivation in the relationship between the perception of the empowering climate created by the coach and the enjoyment in the practice by baseball pitchers. Participants were ninety-seven Mexican pitchers (M age = 14.12, SD = 1.09) belonging to 39 teams from 10 Leagues in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. The psychological variables were measured with the adapted to the Mexican context versions of the Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire-Coach (EDMCQ-C), the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-II), and the Sport Satisfaction Instrument (SSI). The results of the moderated regression model with PROCESS indicated that: autonomous motivation moderates the relationship between the empowering climate and enjoyment (B = -.15, p < .05), specifically, for high values of autonomous motivation the relationship between climate empowering and fun was null, becoming this positive and significant relationship for values of autonomous motivation lower than 2.05. In conclusion, the autonomous motivation moderates the relationship between the empowering climate perception created by the coach and the enjoyment in the practice of baseball pitchers

Baseando-se no conceito hierárquico e multidimensional do clima motivacional, proposto por Duda (2013), o objetivo deste estudo foi colocar em prova o papel moderador da motivação autônoma na relação entre a percepção do clima empowering criado pelo treinador e pela diversão na prática esportiva em pitchers de beisebol. Participaram 97 pitchers mexicanos (M idade = 14.12, DT = 1.09) pertencentes a 39 equipes de 10 ligas de Hermosillo, Sonora, Ciudad de México. As variáveis psicológicas foram avaliadas com as versões adaptadas ao contexto mexicano do Questionário de Clima Motivacional Empowering e Disempowering criado pelo treinador (EDMCQ-C), a Escala de Motivação no Esporte (SMS-II), e a Escala de Satisfação Intrínseca no Esporte (SSI). Os resultados do modelo de regressão de moderação rodados com PROCESS indicaram que: a motivação autônoma condiciona a relação entre o clima empowering e a diversão (B = -.15, p < .05), concretamente, para altos valores de motivação autônoma a relação entre o clima empowering e diversão foi nula, passando a ser positiva e negativa para valores de motivação autônoma inferiores a 2.05. Concluindo, a motivação autônoma condiciona a relação entre a percepção do clima empowering criado pelo treinador e a diversão na prática de pitchers de beisebol