ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Analizar la frecuencia de coinfecciones entre los virus gripales y el SARS-CoV-2, además de las diferencias en la evolución (riesgo de mortalidad, ingreso hospitalario o en intensivos) de los pacientes infectados por el virus del SARS-CoV-2 según vacunación o no vacunación de la gripe en la temporada 2021-2022. Método: Estudio retrospectivo observacional de base poblacional en una cohorte de 19.850 pacientes diagnosticados de COVID-19 entre el 1 de junio de 2021 y 28 de febrero de 2022 en la isla de Gran Canaria. Resultados. Fueron vacunados de la gripe 1.789 personas, el 9% del total de pacientes diagnosticados de COVID-19. 13.676 personas (68,9%) contaban con pauta completa de vacunación del COVID-19. En el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de junio de 2021 y 28 de febrero de 2022 se registraron 8 casos de coinfección gripe y COVID-19. Hipertensión (18,5%), asma (12,8%) y diabetes (7,2%) fueron las comorbilidades más frecuentes. Hubo 147 defunciones (0,7%). Las personas de mayor edad ([OR] 1,11 IC 95% 1,09-1,13) y con cáncer ([OR] 4,21 IC 95% 2,58-6,89) tuvieron mayor riesgo de fallecer por COVID-19 (p<0,05). El sexo femenino fue considerado un factor protector ([OR] 0,61 IC 95% 0,40-0,92). Conclusiones: La edad avanzada, el sexo masculino y el cáncer fueron factores pronósticos independientes de mortalidad. Tres dosis de la vacuna del SARS-CoV-2 y la vacuna de la gripe fueron altamente efectivas para prevenir muertes e ingresos relacionados con COVID-19. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la vacunación contra la gripe puede ayudar a controlar la pandemia. (AU)
Objectives: To analyze the frequency of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 co-infections, as well as the differences in the course of disease (risk of mortality, hospital and intensive care admissions) in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in relation to flu vaccination status in the 2021-2022 season.Methodology. Population-based observational retrospective study in a cohort of 19,850 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between June 1, 2021 and February 28, 2022 on the island of Gran Canaria. Results: A total of 1,789 patients (9%) diagnosed with COVID-19 had received flu vaccinations. 13,676 people (68.9%) had a full course of COVID-19 vaccinations. In the period between June 1, 2021 and February 28, 2022, 8 cases of flu and COVID-19 coinfection were recorded. Hypertension (18.5%), asthma (12.8%) and diabetes (7.2%) were the most frequent comorbidities. There were 147 deaths (0.7%). Older patients ([OR] 1.11 95% CI 1.09-1.13) and people with cancer ([OR] 4.21 95% CI 2.58-6.89) had a higher risk of dying from COVID-19 (p<0.05). Female sex was noted as a protective factor ([OR] 0.61 95% CI 0.40-0.92). Conclusions: Old age, male sex and cancer were independent prognostic factors for mortality. Three doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and influenza vaccines were highly effective in preventing COVID-19-related deaths and hospital admissions. These findings suggest that flu vaccination can help control the pandemic. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Influenza Vaccines , Pandemics , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Studies , Retrospective Studies , Infections , SpainABSTRACT
Background. SARS-CoV-2 infection was analyzed according to previous metabolic status and its association with mortality and post-acute COVID-19. Methods. A population-based observational retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 110,726 patients aged 12 years or more who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection between June 1st, 2021, and 28 February 2022 on the island of Gran Canaria, Spain. Results. In the 347 patients who died, the combination of advanced age, male sex, cancer, immunosuppressive therapy, coronary heart disease, elevated total cholesterol and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was strongly predictive of mortality (p < 0.05). In the 555 patients who developed post-acute COVID-19, the persistence of symptoms was most frequent in women, older subjects and patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, asthma, elevated fasting glucose levels or elevated total cholesterol (p < 0.05). A complete vaccination schedule was associated with lower mortality (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.5, 95%CI 0.39−0.64; p < 0.05) and post-acute COVID-19 (IRR 0.37, 95%CI 0.31−0.44; p < 0.05). Conclusions. Elevated HDL-C and elevated total cholesterol were significantly associated with COVID-19 mortality. Elevated fasting glucose levels and elevated total cholesterol were risk factors for the development of post-acute COVID-19.
