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1.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 31(1): 15-20, ene 2, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1518505

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la lactancia materna es el mejor alimento para el recién nacido y hasta los 6 meses de edad, proporciona nutrientes y anticuerpos para el correcto desarrollo, por lo que se debe dar educación sobre lactancia materna a la mujer desde el embarazo para que pueda llevar a cabo adecuadamente este proceso. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de lactancia materna en embarazadas antes y después de una intervención educativa. Material y métodos: estudio cuasiexperimental, longitudinal, en 150 embarazadas primigestas y multigestas mayores de 18 años. Se aplicó el instrumento validado en 2019 por Palomino et al. denominado Conocimientos sobre lactancia materna, con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.7058. Posteriormente se realizó una intervención educativa y se les pidió que contestaran nuevamente el cuestionario. Se analizaron los datos con estadística descriptiva y medidas de tendencia central, así como proporciones, para evaluar las medianas de nivel de conocimiento antes y después de la intervención educativa se utilizó la prueba estadística Wilcoxon. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue 27.06 + 5.956 años. La escolaridad fue preparatoria 42.7%, en unión libre 48.7%, amas de casa 45.3%, el nivel de conocimiento alto postintervención en concepto general fue de 98.7%, respecto a posición y técnica 96.7% y para beneficios 96%. Con la prueba de Wilcoxon para conocimiento general se reportó z = -10.598, p = 0.000. Conclusiones: existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la mediana de conocimiento al inicio y al final del estudio, con un 95% de confianza.


Introduction: Breastfeeding is the best food for the neonate and up to 6 months of age, it provides nutrients and antibodies for proper development, so the woman must be educated about breastfeeding from pregnancy so that she can properly carry out this process. Objective: To evaluate the level of breastfeeding knowledge in pregnant women before and after an educational intervention. Material and methods: Quasi experimental, longitudinal study in 150 primigravida and multigravida women between 20 and 35 years old. The validated instrument in 2019 by Palomino et al. called Breastfeeding Knowledge with a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.7058 was used. Educational intervention was given, and the questionnaire was reapplied. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency and proportions. The Wilcoxon statistical test was used to evaluate the median levels of knowledge before and after the educational intervention. Results: The average age was 27.06 + 5.956 years. In total, 42.7% in High school, 48.7% in common law, 45.3% were housewives. The post-intervention high level of knowledge in general concept was 98.7%, respect position and technique 96.7% and for benefits 96%. Wilcoxon test for general knowledge reported z = -10.598 p = 0.000. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant difference between the median knowledge at baseline and at the end of the study with 95% confidence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Feeding/methods , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Infant, Newborn , Surveys and Questionnaires , Infant Nutrition/education
2.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 60(3): 315-320, 2022 May 02.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35763389

ABSTRACT

Background: Psoriasis affects 1-3% of the world population. In recent years, it has been studied the relationship of psoriasis with other comorbidities that determine a significant reduction in quality of life and the emotional state of those who suffer from it. Objective: To determine the differences between quality of life and degree of depression related to the degree of severity of the disease in patients with psoriasis. Material and methods: We performed an observational, cross-sectional study in the Outpatient Service of the General Zone Hospital, inside the IMSS Family Medicine Unit No. 57, from June 1 to December 31, 2020. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and Beck Depression Inventory were applied. The results of the instruments were compared using Fisher's exact test. Statistical tests were performed with a 95% confidence level with the SPSS software, version 25. Results: 83 patients participated, with an age of 51.6 ± 13.9 years; 59% were male. When comparing the degree of depression with the degree of severity, no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.430). The comparison of quality of life measured by the degree of severity did show a statistically significant difference (p = 0.008). Conclusions: The degree of severity of psoriasis affects the quality of life of patients, but not the degree of depression.


Introducción: la psoriasis afecta al 1-3% de la población mundial. En los últimos años se ha estudiado la relación entre la psoriasis y la depresión, las cuales determinan una importante reducción de la calidad de vida y del estado emocional de quienes las padecen. Objetivo: determinar las diferencias entre la calidad de vida y el grado de depresión relacionadas con el grado de severidad en pacientes con psoriasis. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional y transversal en el Servicio de Consulta Externa de Dermatología del Hospital General de Zona 20, dentro de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 57 del IMSS, del 1 de junio al 31 de diciembre de 2020. Se aplicaron los instrumentos The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) y el Inventario de depresión de Beck, IA (BDI-IA). Las pruebas estadísticas se realizaron con un nivel de 95% de confianza con el programa SPSS, versión 25. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados: participaron 83 pacientes, con edad de 51.6 ± 13.9 años. El 59% eran hombres. En la comparación del grado de depresión con el grado de severidad de la psoriasis no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.430). La comparación del nivel de calidad de vida medida por el grado de severidad de la psoriasis sí mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.008). Conclusiones: el grado de severidad de la psoriasis influye en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, no así el grado de depresión.


Subject(s)
Psoriasis , Quality of Life , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/diagnosis , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
3.
Rev Chilena Infectol ; 36(3): 331-339, 2019 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31859752

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential in HIV/AIDS patients. Suppressing viral load requires strict adherence to ART in addition to the patient's commitment to treatment. The failure of ART is mainly due to lack of adherence, which may in turn be due to poor quality of life and/or to psychological variables. AIM: To determine the quality of life and psychological variables and adherence to ART, in patients with HIV/AIDS. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 160 patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and with ART were included. The MOS SF-36 and VPAD-24 instruments, a socio-demographic survey, and clinical data were collected. Quantitative and qualitative associations were made between the variables. RESULTS: The adherence to ART was associated with avoidance of depressive behavior and with the absence of addictions. Depressive behavior associated with addictions. 87% of patients ranked in the best quality of life. Below the average of the general health score were males, with MSM sexual orientation, single, in vitality at ≥ 38 years, in corporal pain and with social function to three ART schemes. CONCLUSION: Good adherence to ART was associated with avoiding depressive behavior and with non-addictions and not associated with quality of life.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/psychology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/psychology , Medication Adherence/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Adult , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/complications , Depression/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Prensa méd. argent ; 105(5): 270-276, jun 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1024414

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de síndromes geriátricos en una unidad de primer nivel de atención médica. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, transversal, realizado en 376 pacientes de primer nivel de atención. Se utilizaron las escalas de Yesavage y de Katz evaluando depresión y autonomía respectivamente. Para fines de este estudio se interrrogó la presencia de incontinencia urinaria, polifarmacia, trastornos del sueño y estado nutricional. Utilizamos estadística descriptiva. Resultados: 376 pacientes, 219 (58%) femeninos, 157 (42%) masculinos, edad promedio 72.57, mínima: 65, máxima: 95, desviación estándar: ± 7.08. Se observó por lo menos un síndrome en 371 (98.7%) pacientes. La depresión se detectó en 303 (80.9%), la polifarmacia se observó en 282 (75%), en cuanto a los trastornos del sueño se encontraron en 262 (69.7%), las caídas se encontraron en 63 (16.8%), la incontinencia urinaria en 19 (5.1%), en cuanto a la obesidad en 15 (4%) y de la pérdida de la autonomía en 3 (0.8%). Conclusión: El 98.7 % padecen por lo menos un síndrome geriátrico, el género femenino es el más afectado, el síndrome más frecuente es depresión, seguida de polifarmacia, trastorno del sueño, caídas, incontinencia urinaria, obesidad y pérdida de la autonomía (AU)


AIM: to identify the frequency of Geriatric syndromes in a Single First Level Medical Facility. Material and methods: observational, prospective, cross-sectional, study held in 376 patients from First Level Medical Facility. We usedYesavage and Katz scales to evaluate depression and autonomy respectively. For this purpose we interrogate: urinary incontinence, polypharmacy, sleep disturbances and nutritional status. Results: 376 patients, 219 female, 157 male, median age 72, SD 7.08, mínimun 65, maximum 95 years. From the total of patients 303 (80.9%) was in depresion, 282 (75%) with polypharmacy, 262 (69.7%) on sleep disturbances, 63 (16.8%) of the falling down was found it, 19 (5.1%) urinary incontinence, 15 (4%) under obesity, and 3 (0.8%) with loss of the autonomy. conclusions: Geriatric syndrome is presented in more than 90%, female are most affected and depression is the most common syndrome (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Quality of Health Care/organization & administration , Health Programs and Plans , Health Surveys , Medical Care , Health Services for the Aged/economics
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 36(3): 331-339, jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013791

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El tratamiento anti-retroviral (TAR) es indispensable en pacientes con infección por VIH/ SIDA; suprimir la carga viral requiere de un estricto apego a éste, por compromiso del paciente. El fracaso del TAR es primordialmente por falta de adherencia, que puede ser debida a una deficiente calidad de vida y/o a variables psicológicas. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida, variables psicológicas y la adherencia al TAR, en pacientes con infección por VIH/SIDA. Material y Método: Se incluyeron 160 pacientes con diagnóstico de infección por VIH/SIDA y con TAR. Se recabaron los instrumentos MOS SF-36 y VPAD-24, una encuesta demográfica, y datos clínicos. Se hicieron asociaciones cuantitativas y cualitativas entre las variables. Resultados: La adherencia al TAR estuvo asociada con evitar comportamiento depresivo y con ausencia de adicciones. El comportamiento depresivo se encontró asociado con las adicciones. Un 87% de pacientes estaba en el rango de mejor calidad de vida. Por debajo del promedio del puntaje de salud general estuvieron masculinos, con orientación sexual HSH, solteros, en la vitalidad a los ≥ 38 años, en dolor corporal y función social a tres esquemas TAR. Conclusión: La buena adherencia al TAR estuvo asociada a evitar comportamiento depresivo y a la ausencia de adicciones y no se asoció a la calidad de vida.


Background: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential in HIV/AIDS patients. Suppressing viral load requires strict adherence to ART in addition to the patient's commitment to treatment. The failure of ART is mainly due to lack of adherence, which may in turn be due to poor quality of life and/or to psychological variables. Aim: To determine the quality of life and psychological variables and adherence to ART, in patients with HIV/AIDS. Material and Method: 160 patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and with ART were included. The MOS SF-36 and VPAD-24 instruments, a socio-demographic survey, and clinical data were collected. Quantitative and qualitative associations were made between the variables. Results: The adherence to ART was associated with avoidance of depressive behavior and with the absence of addictions. Depressive behavior associated with addictions. 87% of patients ranked in the best quality of life. Below the average of the general health score were males, with MSM sexual orientation, single, in vitality at ≥ 38 years, in corporal pain and with social function to three ART schemes. Conclusion: Good adherence to ART was associated with avoiding depressive behavior and with non-addictions and not associated with quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Quality of Life/psychology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/psychology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/psychology , Medication Adherence/psychology , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Depression/complications , Depression/psychology , Mexico
6.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) ; 20(2): 254-257, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30570011

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the satisfaction perceived by patients with the medical services received at a primary care medical center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The satisfaction perceived by patients treated in a primary care medical center was evaluated. The population included 395 patients treated at a medical unit of Puebla, Mexico. The SERVPERF questionnaire, which evaluates the perceived quality of medical care in patient user, was used. RESULTS: There were 395 patients, 260 (66%) female, 135 (34%) male, average age 42.80, minimum 19 maximum 91, + 16.64.Satisfaction with consultation with the family doctor was 65%, with nursing care 74%, with non-medical personnel 59%, with tangibles 82%, with accessibility and organization 65%, with waiting time for laboratory tests, offices, medical appointments and reference 49%. The perceived overall satisfaction with care provided in the Medical Unit is over 60%. There are differences between perceived satisfaction and the years of academic study. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived overall satisfaction with the medical care received in the Medical Unit is greater than 60%.


OBJETIVO: Determinar la satisfacción percibida por los usuarios en cuanto a la prestación de los servicios en una unidad de primer nivel de atención médica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se evaluó la satisfacción percibida por los usuarios que recibieron atención médica en una Unidad de Primer Nivel de Atención. La población fue 395 pacientes atendidos en una Unidad Médica de Puebla, México. Se usó la encuesta SERVPREF que evalúa la calidad percibida por la atención médica en el usuario paciente. RESULTADOS: Fueron 395 pacientes, 260 (66%) femeninos, 135 (34%) masculinos, edad promedio 42.80, mínima 19 máxima 91, + 16.64. La satisfacción de la consulta con el médico familiar fue del 65%, con la atención por enfermería del 74%, con el personal no sanitario 59%, con elementos tangibles 82%, con la accesibilidad y organización 65%, con el tiempo de espera para laboratorio, gabinete, citas médicas y referencia 49%. La satisfacción global percibida con la atención en la Unidad Médica es mayor del 60%. Existen diferencias entre la satisfacción percibida y los años de estudio académico cursados. CONCLUSIONES: La satisfacción global percibida con la atención recibida en la Unidad es mayor a 60%.


Subject(s)
Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/standards , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Care Surveys , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Young Adult
7.
Rev. salud pública ; 20(2): 254-257, mar.-abr. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978961

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Determinar la satisfacción percibida por los usuarios en cuanto a la prestación de los servicios en una unidad de primer nivel de atención médica. Material y Métodos Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se evaluó la satisfacción percibida por los usuarios que recibieron atención médica en una Unidad de Primer Nivel de Atención. La población fue 395 pacientes atendidos en una Unidad Médica de Puebla, México. Se usó la encuesta SERVPREF que evalúa la calidad percibida por la atención médica en el usuario paciente. Resultados Fueron 395 pacientes, 260 (66%) femeninos, 135 (34%) masculinos, edad promedio 42.80, mínima 19 máxima 91, + 16.64. La satisfacción de la consulta con el médico familiar fue del 65%, con la atención por enfermería del 74%, con el personal no sanitario 59%, con elementos tangibles 82%, con la accesibilidad y organización 65%, con el tiempo de espera para laboratorio, gabinete, citas médicas y referencia 49%. La satisfacción global percibida con la atención en la Unidad Médica es mayor del 60%. Existen diferencias entre la satisfacción percibida y los años de estudio académico cursados. Conclusiones La satisfacción global percibida con la atención recibida en la Unidad es mayor a 60%.(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective To determine the satisfaction perceived by patients with the medical services received at a primary care medical center. Material and Methods Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The satisfaction perceived by patients treated in a primary care medical center was evaluated. The population included 395 patients treated at a medical unit of Puebla, Mexico. The SERVPERF questionnaire, which evaluates the perceived quality of medical care in patient user, was used. Results There were 395 patients, 260 (66%) female, 135 (34%) male, average age 42.80, minimum 19 maximum 91, + 16.64. Satisfaction with consultation with the family doctor was 65%, with nursing care 74%, with non-medical personnel 59%, with tangibles 82%, with accessibility and organization 65%, with waiting time for laboratory tests, offices, medical appointments and reference 49%. The perceived overall satisfaction with care provided in the Medical Unit is over 60%. There are differences between perceived satisfaction and the years of academic study. Conclusions Perceived overall satisfaction with the medical care received in the Medical Unit is greater than 60%.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Satisfaction , Patient Care/standards , Health Promotion , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies/instrumentation , Mexico
8.
Gac Med Mex ; 153(2): 185-189, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28474705

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, in which an autoimmune mechanism participates, triggering an accelerated keratopoiesis. Its etiology is unknown; environmental factors, trauma, and infections are involved. The aim of this paper is to present the correlation between the index of severity of psoriasis and quality of life in patients with psoriasis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in 72 patients with psoriasis, older than 15 years old, who agreed to participate in the study. We applied the Dermatology Life Quality Index and the Psoriasis Severity Index; descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency, dispersion, and correlation measures were used. RESULTS: Patients (n = 72), were 43% male, 57% female, with a mean age 51.22 (15-77) ± 14.05 years. Education: bachelor's degree 23.6%, housework occupation 26.4%, duration of the disease 12.25 (1-50) ± 10.58 years. Psoriasis plaques occurred in 88.9%, the Psoriasis Severity Index was mild in 70.8%. The result of the impact on quality of life was moderate in effect in 33.3%, the difference between the degree of involvement of the disease and the impact on quality of life was p = 0.104, and correlation between the quality of life and degree of psoriasis was p = 0.463. CONCLUSION: Quality of life is independent of the degree of disease in patients with psoriasis.


Subject(s)
Psoriasis , Quality of Life , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psoriasis/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index , Young Adult
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