ABSTRACT
Comparative analysis of the parameters of LPO, antioxidant defense (AOD), and the thiol/disulfide system was performed in fertile and infertile males of reproductive age carrying different genotypes of the glutathione system genes. Blood plasma, blood hemolysate, and ejaculate served as specimens for biochemical studies. A decrease in glutathione S-transferase activity was found in blood and ejaculate specimens from fertile and infertile carriers of nonfunctional GSTT1(0/0)/GSTM1(0/0) genotypes. In infertile carriers of nonfunctional GSTT1(0/0)/GSTM1(0/0) genotypes determining reduced glutathione S-transferase activity, a decrease in the concentration of low-molecular-weight cell antioxidant (reduced glutathione) and an increase in the concentration of secondary LPO products (TBA-reactive substances) were revealed. Identification of carriers the polymorphic GSTT1 and GSTM1 variants and analysis of activity of the thiol/disulfide system enzymes can be recommended for additional evaluation of the risk for reproductive dysfunction in men.
Subject(s)
Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Glutathione Transferase/genetics , Infertility, Male/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Adult , Alleles , Antioxidants/metabolism , Case-Control Studies , Gene Expression , Gene Frequency , Glutathione/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione Reductase/genetics , Glutathione Reductase/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , Heterozygote , Humans , Infertility, Male/diagnosis , Infertility, Male/metabolism , Infertility, Male/physiopathology , Lipid Peroxidation , Male , Semen Analysis , Spermatozoa/metabolism , Spermatozoa/pathology , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
The article presents the results of a polysomnographic study with simultaneous monitoring spontaneous nocturnal erections - Nocturnal Penile Tumescences (NPT) in 69 men with age-related androgen deficiency (AAD). Of these, 45 patients were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In 34 of the 45 patients with OSAS, regimens of non-invasive ventilation with positive-positive airway pressure (CPAP) were selected. Titration was carried out using automatic CPAP-devices for 2 months. The control group (n=24) comprised men with AAD, matched by the "copy-pair" type without clinical manifestations of respiratory disturbances during sleep. Extreme fragmentation of sleep with a significant predominance of the 1st and 2nd stages of the slow sleep phase, the deficiency of deep sleep stages and the significant shortening of the fast sleep phase was leveled by using a constant positive pressure in the upper respiratory tract. CPAP-therapy produced the phenomenon of a "rebound" of slow-wave sleep and fast-sleep phase. Before treatment, men with OSAS had a disruptive pattern of NPT (quantitative and qualitative characteristics). CPAP-therapy resulted in its recovery and maximum preservation relative to fast sleep phase time boundaries. However, the trend towards increasing testosterone levels was not significant, which requires additional testosterone replacement therapy concurrently with CPAP therapy in patients with OSAS and AAD.
Subject(s)
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Penile Erection , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Testosterone/blood , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polysomnography , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/blood , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Using the model of dark stress caused by animal maintenance at dimmed light we showed that Trametin (product obtained during liquid-phase culturing of Trametes pubescens xylotroph fungi) effectively prevented oxidative stress under conditions of light deprivation. The preparation increased the level of unsaturation of lipids, reduced the concentration of primary and end-products of LPO, and increases both the integral parameter of the antioxidant defense system (total antioxidant activity) and its components (activity of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione).
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Complex Mixtures/pharmacology , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Stress, Physiological/drug effects , Trametes/chemistry , Animals , Animals, Suckling , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Complex Mixtures/isolation & purification , Darkness , Glutathione/blood , Oxidative Stress , Superoxide Dismutase/blood , Swine , Vitamin A/blood , alpha-Tocopherol/bloodABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Both adolescent suicide and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are troubling phenomena with high comorbidity, including impulsivity, depression and personality disorders (PD). Studies on the association between these two phenomena are relatively rare. This pilot study's aim was to estimate the rate of ADHD in adolescents attempting suicide. METHOD: Subjects constituted consecutive admissions to the psychiatric emergency room (ER) who were admitted as a result of attempting suicide. Assessment included the use of the Kiddie-SADS, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Conners' Rating Scale (CRS). Those diagnosed as suffering from ADHD were assessed by a standardized Continuous Performance Test (Test of Variables of Attention [TOVA]) that included methylphenidate (MPH) challenge. Twenty-three (23) adolescents completed the study. M:F ratio was 5:18, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 23 participants who completed the study, 65% were diagnosed with ADHD, 43.5% with depression and 39% with cluster B PD. ADD/ADHD ratio was 66%:34%. Only five of the patients were formerly diagnosed as ADHD, only three had been medicated and 14 out of 15 adolescents responded well to MPH challenge. CONCLUSION: These preliminary results suggest a significant association between ADHD and suicidal behavior in adolescents. Further study is needed to establish this association and assess the causality.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use , Comorbidity , Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology , Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology , Female , Humans , Israel , Male , Mass Screening , Methylphenidate/therapeutic use , Neuropsychological Tests , Personality Disorders/diagnosis , Personality Disorders/epidemiology , Personality Disorders/psychology , Personality Inventory , Pilot Projects , Recurrence , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
The effects of transplantation of xenogenic neonatal heart cells on energy processes were studied in rat myocardium during the early period of epinephrine injury. Transplantation promoted a less pronounced ATP hydrolys to adenosine monophosphate and inorganic phosphate, a higher level of creatine phosphate, pyruvate, lactate, retention and activation of myocardial enzymes involved in energy metabolism.
Subject(s)
Cell Transplantation , Energy Metabolism , Epinephrine/toxicity , Myocardium/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism , Animals , Male , RatsABSTRACT
Receptive fields of 104 collicular neurons studied in alert cats have shifted their locations on the screen after saccades, induced by displacement of the point of fixation. Head tilt led to the same spatial tilt of preferred direction for directionally selective units. It is concluded that the studied part of visual system is not responsible directly for organization of constant spatial perception.
