ABSTRACT
Emotional estimation of 96 short (2-5 s) musical fragments was studied in 6 healthy subjects. Fragments were scored on a 5-point scale. Statistically significant difference in estimations of specific musical fragments (positive, negative, or indifferent) was found.
Subject(s)
Emotions/physiology , Music/psychology , Acoustic Stimulation/methods , Adult , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Humans , Psychoacoustics , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The authors present a model of rehabilitation of male and female alcoholics based on group psychotherapy. The first step of the model is group psychotherapy at the restorative stage of rehabilitation under in- or outpatient conditions; the second, supporting group psychotherapy conducted not only with patients but also with married couples, children and relatives of the patient; the third, the formation of psychotherapeutic association. Sex differences have no significant impact on the employment of the proposed model.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/rehabilitation , Psychotherapy, Group , Adolescent , Adult , Ambulatory Care , Child , Family Therapy , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Marital Therapy , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Alcoholism/etiology , Tetrahydroisoquinolines , Alcoholism/metabolism , Animals , Brain/drug effects , Brain/metabolism , Cyclic AMP/physiology , Cyclic GMP/physiology , Drug Tolerance , Humans , Isoquinolines/pharmacology , Rats , Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects , Receptors, Opioid/drug effects , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/etiology , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiologyABSTRACT
The preference of 42 Wistar male rats for alcoholic or non-alcoholic solutions of glucose was studied. Preference for the left or right position of drinking tubes did not appreciably influence the choice between the unequal solutions. Within the same strain of rats the majority of the animals had a high and a minority a low level of consumption of the glucose-alcohol solution. These groups were found only under conditions of systematic experimentation and the properties of each group became more marked in the course of these experiments.
