ABSTRACT
As people get richer, and ecosystem services scarcer, policy-relevant estimates of ecosystem value must rise.
Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Environmental Policy , Humans , Conservation of Natural Resources , Environmental Policy/economics , Cost-Benefit AnalysisABSTRACT
A rapid, single-reagent, non-separation, non-isotopic immunoassay was developed for determining levels of the nicotine metabolite, cotinine, in urine. The single reagent was prepared by pre-mixing an appropriate dilution of sheep anti-cotinine serum with a fluorescein-labelled cotinine tracer. All normal reliability criteria were satisfied. The assay was found to be specific for cotinine and there was no cross reactivity with other available nicotine metabolites and structurally-related compounds. The results obtained correlated closely with those of an established radioimmunoassay. The assay was well-suited to application in the discrimination of active smokers from non-smokers (and passive smokers).
