Graphene sublattice symmetry and isospin determined by circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

The Dirac-like electronic structure of graphene originates from the equivalence of the two basis atoms in the honeycomb lattice. We show that the characteristic parameters of the initial state wave function (sublattice symmetry and isospin) can be determined using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with circularly polarized synchrotron radiation. At a photon energy of hν = 52 eV, transition matrix element effects can be neglected allowing us to determine sublattice symmetry and isospin with high accuracy using a simple theoretical model.

Electron-phonon coupling in crystalline pentacene films.

The electron-phonon (e-p) interaction in pentacene (Pn) films grown on Bi(001) was investigated using photoemission spectroscopy. The spectra reveal thermal broadening from which we determine an e-p mass enhancement factor of lambda=0.36+/-0.05 and an effective Einstein energy of omega{E}=11+/-4 meV. From omega{E} it is inferred that dominant contributions to the e-p effects observed in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy come from intermolecular vibrations. Based on the experimental data for lambda we extract an effective Peierls coupling value of g{eff}=0.55. The e-p coupling narrows the highest occupied molecular orbital bandwidth by 15+/-8% between 75 and 300 K.

Momentum-dependent energy losses in core level photoemission spectra of poorly conducting metals.

Angular resolved photoemission spectra of 5d core levels from Bi111 exhibit a component which is split off in energy by approximately 200 meV. The energy as well as the spectral width and relative intensity of the split off structure are strongly modulated by the final state electron momentum k(perpendicular) and k||, resembling the periodicity of the surface and bulk Brillouin zone. The data can be explained by a k-dependent energy loss function Im[-1/epsilon(k)(omega)] composed of indirect and direct interband transitions from various parts of the bulk Brillouin zone.

Indication of charge-density-wave formation in Bi(111).

Photoemission spectroscopy of Bi(111) reveals a small hexagonal two-dimensional Fermi surface (FS) associated with an electron band centered in the surface Brillouin zone. Along the hexagon the Fermi momentum k(F) ranges from 0.053 to 0.061 A(-1). Temperature dependent valence band spectra show an anisotropic energy gap Delta near the Fermi level. We find a transition temperature of about 75 K. At 11 K, the gap is Delta=4 meV at the corner and Delta=7.5 meV at the side of the hexagon. Arguments based on susceptibility chi(--> q) calculations of a hexagonal FS are used to discuss an incommensurate charge-density-wave (CDW) formation associated with a q(CDW)=0.106 A(-1).