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1.
J Gastrointest Surg ; 13(6): 1037-43, 2009 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19277795

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to engineer the two main components of the esophagus in vitro: (a) esophageal epithelium and (b) smooth muscle tissue. Furthermore, (a) survivability of esophageal epithelial cells (EEC) on basement membrane matrix (BMM)-coated scaffolds and (b) oriented smooth muscle tissue formation on unidirectional BMM-coated collagen scaffolds was investigated. METHODS: Both EEC and smooth muscle cells (SMC) were sourced from Sprague-Dawley rats. The EEC were maintained in vitro and seeded onto BMM-coated 2-D collagen scaffolds. Similarly, smooth muscle cells were obtained using an explants technique and seeded on unidirectional 3-D BMM-coated collagen scaffolds. Cell-polymer constructs for EEC and SMC were maintained in vitro for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Protocols to obtain higher yield of EEC were established. EEC formed a layer of differentiated epithelium after 14 days. EEC survivability on polymers was observed up to 8 weeks. Unidirectional smooth muscle tissue strands were successfully engineered. CONCLUSION: Esophageal epithelium generation, survivability of EEC on BMM-coated scaffolds, and engineering of unidirectional smooth muscle strands were successful in vitro. The hybrid approach of assembling individual tissue components in vitro using BMM-coated scaffolds and later amalgamating them to form composite tissue holds promises in the tissue engineering of complex organ systems.


Subject(s)
Esophagus/cytology , Muscle, Smooth/cytology , Tissue Engineering/methods , Animals , Cell Culture Techniques , Cells, Cultured , Collagen , Polymers , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Tissue Scaffolds
2.
Indian J Pediatr ; 76(2): 157-61, 2009 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19129992

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to outline a management algorithm to ensure effective teamwork in decreasing morbidity and mortality in pediatric Foreign-Body Aspirations (FBA). Furthermore, the role of flexible bronchoscopy when compared to rigid bronchoscopy in FBA was evaluated. METHODS: Charts of patients with suspected FBA from October 1999 to September 2006 were reviewed and data with regards to the history, presenting symptoms, diagnostics and therapeutic tactics, was collected. RESULTS: A total of 77 children with suspicion of FBA were managed in the 7 year period. Bronchoscopies were performed in 63 patients and in 26 foreign-bodies (FB) were found and extracted. At referral, 53 patients did not present acute respiratory symptoms, but had a positive history of FBA, and in 13 FB were found. Despite negative chest x-rays in 55 patients, FB were found in 8. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed in 53 and flexible in 10 patients. In 3 out of 10 patients who had undergone flexible bronchoscopy a FB was identified, the extraction of which was performed using a rigid bronchoscope. CONCLUSION: Clinical and radiological findings in children with typical history of suspected FBA are not enough to confirm the presence of FB. Successful management with an extremely low rate of morbidity and no mortality was observed using the algorithm used at our center. Flexible bronchoscopy reduces the chances of airway tract injury; however a rigid bronchoscope is necessary for FB removal.


Subject(s)
Foreign Bodies/therapy , Adolescent , Bronchoscopy , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Foreign Bodies/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Infant , Male , Radiography, Thoracic , Retrospective Studies , Suction/instrumentation , Suction/methods
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