ABSTRACT
HPV vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of cervical cancer and its precursors, with greatest protection when the vaccine is administered before sexual debut. This review aims to discuss whether immunization with the nonavalent HPV vaccine should be recommended to women who have previously been vaccinated with the bi- or quadrivalent HPV vaccine and to women who have previously undergone treatment for condylomas or dysplasia of the vulva, vagina, or cervix.
Subject(s)
Papillomavirus Infections , Papillomavirus Vaccines , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Female , Humans , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Sexual Behavior , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control , VaccinationABSTRACT
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare obstetric emergency with high maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite ongoing research, the pathogenesis of AFE remains unresolved, and AFE is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present a case report of suspected AFE and disseminated intravascular coagulation occurring during caesarean delivery in a pregnancy with oocyte donation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Awareness of the diagnosis, rapid initiation of treatment and the use of rapid tests of haemostasis in targeted coagulopathy treatment may improve clinical outcome.
