Taste Preference for Salt Predicts Salt Intake in a Chinese Population.

OBJECTIVE: This study describes the association between taste preference for salt and actual salt intake, thus guiding and refining personal and public health campaigns designed to lower salt intake in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 1489 residents aged 18 to 69 years was conducted in 2017 in China. A multistage random sampling strategy was used, and a combination of questionnaires and physical and laboratory measurements were conducted to collect baseline characteristics and knowledge, attitudes, and behavior (KAB) related to salt. A 24 h urine collection was obtained for sodium and potassium excretion analysis. Participants were divided into two groups, light taste preference and salty taste preference, according to their answer to the question "Compared to others, how do you think your taste preference is for salt?". RESULTS: The mean age of the 1489 participants was 46.26 years, 48.9% were males, over 1/3 (35.7%) were identified as hypertensive, and 317 (21.3%) self-reported a salty taste preference. The mean of 24 h urinary sodium excretion was 167.32 mmol/24 h, corresponding to 9.79 g salt/d intake, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio (Na/K) was 4.90. The 24 h urinary sodium excretion of salty taste preference (177.06 mmol/24 h) was significantly higher than that of light taste preference (164.69 mmol/24 h). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the salty taste preference group had significantly higher 24 h urinary sodium (ORa(95%CI) = 1.004(1.002-1.006)), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), proportion of greasy food preference, and drinking levels, but lower potassium excretion, response levels to most KAB questions, and regular physical activity compared to the light taste preference group. CONCLUSION: Self-reported taste preference for salt predicted actual salt intake, which was verified by 24 h urinary sodium monitoring. Taste preference for salt could be used as a proxy for intake in terms of targeted salt intake, nutrition, and health education.

Association between metabolic syndrome severity score and cardiovascular disease: results from a longitudinal cohort study on Chinese adults.

Objective: This study aimed to quantify the severity of metabolic syndrome(MetS) and investigate its association with cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk on Chinese adults. Methods: 13,500 participants from the Zhejiang Adult Chronic Disease Study were followed up between 2010 and 2021. A continuous MetS severity score derived from the five components of MetS was used to quantify MetS severity, and the association between MetS severity and the risk of incident CVD was assessed using Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline regression. Results: Both the presence and severity of MetS were strongly associated with CVD risk. MetS was related to an increased risk of CVD (hazard ratio(HR):1.700, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.380-2.094). Compared with the hazard ratio for CVD in the lowest quartile of the MetS severity score, that in the second, third, and highest quartiles were 1.812 (1.329-2.470), 1.746 (1.265-2.410), and 2.817 (2.015-3.938), respectively. A linear and positive dose-response relationship was observed between the MetS severity and CVD risk (P for non-linearity = 0.437). Similar results were found in various sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: The MetS severity score was significantly associated with CVD risk. Assessing MetS severity and further ensuring intervention measures according to the different severities of MetS may be more useful in preventing CVD.

Association between glycated hemoglobin and risk of all-cause mortality in community patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To analyze the association between HbA1c level and the risk of all-cause mortality in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to provide a scientific basis for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on a Zhejiang rural community type 2 diabetes mellitus cohort, a total of 10,310 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with complete baseline and follow-up data were selected. The Cox proportional hazards regression model and the restricted cubic spline model were used to evaluate the relationship between the HbA1c level and the risk of all-cause mortality. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 5.5 years, 971 patients died. With HbA1c levels of 6.5-7.0% as the reference, after adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the HR(95%CI) of all-cause mortality with HbA1c levels of <5.5%, 5.5-6.5%, 7.0-8.0%, 8.0-9.0%, and ≥9.0% were 1.53 (1.08-2.15), 0.97 (0.79-1.21), 1.14 (0.92-1.41), 1.44 (1.14-1.83), and 2.08 (1.68-2.58), respectively. The HbA1c level was associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in a "J-shaped" manner. The risk of all-cause mortality was lowest when the HbA1c was 6.5-7.0%, and increased significantly when the HbA1c was ≥ 8.0% and the HbA1c was < 5.5% (P < 0.05). The risk of all-cause death in the HbA1c 5.5-6.5% group and the 7.0-8.0% group was not significant compared with the reference group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The HbA1c levels were associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus in a "J-shaped" manner, a too high or a too low HbA1c level could increase the risk of death. Attention should be paid to the individual evaluation of patients and the setting of appropriate glycemic control goals.

Establishment of lactate-metabolism-related signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with colon adenocarcinoma.

The outcome of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients remains dismal, and lactate metabolism has been characterized to promote tumor development and immune evasion. Based on the above background, it is worthwhile to explore novel prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers for COAD patients from the aspect of lactate metabolism. Above all, 228 available lactate-metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) were acquired, and the landscape of copy number variation and the expression difference of mRNA levels between colon normal and tumor samples were investigated among these LMRGs. Importantly, eight overall survival (OS)-involved LMRGs were then distinguished by means of univariate Cox regression analysis in both GSE40967 and TCGA-COAD data sets. Subsequently, prognostic risk scores were established, integrating seven OS-related LMRGs by LASSO Cox regression analysis in the GSE40967 set, and then verified in the TCGA-COAD cohort. From the comprehensive analyses, COAD patients with high risk had comparatively more inferior survival probability in all populations of the study, and they tended to have more severe clinicopathological features with the risk score increasing. Moreover, by integrating age, AJCC T and pathological stage, and risk score, we constructed a prognostic nomogram that demonstrated great prediction effectiveness for OS of COAD patients. Furthermore, the potential effect of various risk score on tumor immune was assessed from enrichment of immune-related pathways, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and expression levels of immune checkpoints separately. We could draw a conclusion that COAD patients with higher lactate-metabolism-related risk scores may acquire an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which subsequently led to immune escapes and poor prognoses. Conclusively, all findings in the present study illustrate a great prognostic value of the lactate-metabolism-related risk signature, providing more in-depth insights into the indispensable function of lactate metabolism in prognosis and tumor immunity of COAD.

Circulating microRNAs (miR-16, miR-22, miR-122) expression and early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: Circulating microRNA (miRNA) has been reported to have diagnostic value in multiple tumors. To identify serum miRNAs for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we analyzed the differential miRNA expression between HCC patients and controls. METHODS: Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out to detect serum miR-16, miR-22, and miR-122 expression in 100 HCC patients and 100 controls (including hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, liver metastases, hepatic hemangioma, health group, and each of them had 20 subjects). The miRNA expression results were combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy in HCC through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. And the target genes were predicted through bioinformatics methods. RESULTS: Compared with controls, the expression of miR-16 and miR-122 significantly increased in early-stage HCC patients, while no significant changes were detected in miR-22. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that miR-16 and miR-122 had a high diagnostic efficacy (AUC 0.798 and 0.759), and it was improved when combined with AFP (AUC 0.862). When compared with each of the five groups in the controls, the results showed that miR-16 of HCC was significantly higher than liver cirrhosis (AUC 0.936), liver metastases, and health; miR-122 was significantly higher than liver metastases, hepatitis B, and health. Moreover, 175 and 101 potential target genes were regulated by miR-16 and miR-122, respectively. And most of the target genes were enriched in the PI3K, MAPK, FoxO signaling pathways, and pathways in cancer. CONCLUSION: Our findings illustrate that both circulating miR-16 and miR-122 can provide value for early diagnosis of HCC and they are potential biomarkers for the early-stage HCC.

LINC00630 promotes cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by mediating the miR-199a/FGF7 axis.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of cancer with a relatively low morbidity, but poor prognosis. Aberrant long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression has been observed in the pathological development of CCA. In the present study, lncRNA long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 630 (LINC00630) was found to be significantly upregulated in CCA tissues and cultured cells. LINC00630 expression was positively associated with histological differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node invasion. Short hairpin RNA (sh)-LINC00630 transfection could effectively decrease CCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Further investigations found that LINC00630 could interact with microRNA (miR)-199a, which specifically targeted fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) for degradation. FGF7 overexpression restored the sh-LINC00630 transfection-induced decrease in CCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, LINC00630 significantly promoted CCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion by upregulating FGF7 through miR-199a sponging.

Association of a novel antisense lncRNA TP73-AS1 polymorphisms and expression with colorectal cancer susceptibility and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: TP73-AS1 is a novel antisense long noncoding RNA and plays an important role in cell proliferation and cancer development. However, the link between TP73-AS1 and colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of genetic variants in TP73-AS1 and its expression with CRC susceptibility and prognosis. METHODS: A case-control study (including 507 CRC cases and 503 controls) and bioinformatics analysis were conducted. RESULTS: rs9800 polymorphism was significantly related to higher risk in CRC [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.75, P = 0.034 in heterozygote codominant model]. There was no difference between TP73-AS1 polymorphisms and different tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages in the adjusted model. Moreover, TP73-AS1 expression level was positively related to different TNM stages. After adjusted for age, gender and TNM, higher TP73-AS1 expression levels were related to shorter recurrence-free survival time [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.02-2.71, P = 0.043]. CONCLUSION: TP73-AS1 polymorphisms and expression may be associated with susceptibility and prognosis of CRC.

Escherichia coli AraJ boosts utilization of arabinose in metabolically engineered cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.

Lignocellulosic biomass can serve as an inexpensive and renewable source of carbon for the biosynthesis of commercially important compounds. L-arabinose is the second most abundant pentose sugar present in the plant materials. Model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is incapable of catabolism of L-arabinose as a source of carbon and energy. In this study, all the heterologous genes expressed in Synechocystis were derived from Escherichia coli K-12. Initially we constructed four Synechocystis strains that expressed AraBAD enzymes involved in L-arabinose catabolism, either in combination with or without one of the three arabinose transporters, AraE, AraFGH or AraJ. Among the recombinants, the strain possessing AraJ transporter was observed to be the most efficient in terms of dry biomass production and L-arabinose consumption. Later, an additional strain was generated by the expression of AraJ in the AraE-possessing strain. The resultant strain was shown to be advantageous over its parent. This study demonstrates that AraJ, a protein with hitherto unknown function plays a role in the uptake of L-arabinose to boost its catabolism in the transgenic Synechocystis strains. The work also contributes to the current knowledge regarding metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria for the utilization of pentose sugars.

BCDnet: Parallel heterogeneous eight-class classification model of breast pathology.

Breast cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence of malignant tumors in women, which seriously endangers women's health. With the help of computer vision technology, it has important application value to automatically classify pathological tissue images to assist doctors in rapid and accurate diagnosis. Breast pathological tissue images have complex and diverse characteristics, and the medical data set of breast pathological tissue images is small, which makes it difficult to automatically classify breast pathological tissues. In recent years, most of the researches have focused on the simple binary classification of benign and malignant, which cannot meet the actual needs for classification of pathological tissues. Therefore, based on deep convolutional neural network, model ensembleing, transfer learning, feature fusion technology, this paper designs an eight-class classification breast pathology diagnosis model BCDnet. A user inputs the patient's breast pathological tissue image, and the model can automatically determine what the disease is (Adenosis, Fibroadenoma, Tubular Adenoma, Phyllodes Tumor, Ductal Carcinoma, Lobular Carcinoma, Mucinous Carcinoma or Papillary Carcinoma). The model uses the VGG16 convolution base and Resnet50 convolution base as the parallel convolution base of the model. Two convolutional bases (VGG16 convolutional base and Resnet50 convolutional base) obtain breast tissue image features from different fields of view. After the information output by the fully connected layer of the two convolutional bases is fused, it is classified and output by the SoftMax function. The model experiment uses the publicly available BreaKHis data set. The number of samples of each class in the data set is extremely unevenly distributed. Compared with the binary classification, the number of samples in each class of the eight-class classification is also smaller. Therefore, the image segmentation method is used to expand the data set and the non-repeated random cropping method is used to balance the data set. Based on the balanced data set and the unbalanced data set, the BCDnet model, the pre-trained model Resnet50+ fine-tuning, and the pre-trained model VGG16+ fine-tuning are used for multiple comparison experiments. In the comparison experiment, the BCDnet model performed outstandingly, and the correct recognition rate of the eight-class classification model is higher than 98%. The results show that the model proposed in this paper and the method of improving the data set are reasonable and effective.

Prospective study: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is associated with cardio-cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients.

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Most studies have shown that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) mutations were associated with cardio-cerebrovascular complications of diabetes based on cross-sectional investigations, but few studies based on cohorts were carried out. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the ALDH2 gene and the occurrence of and death from cardio-cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients through a prospective cohort study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: According to a community-based and disease-based prospective cohort study design, a baseline cohort of 10,339 persons with type 2 diabetes was established in 2016, and the occurrence of and death from cardio-cerebrovascular complications were followed up until December 2018. A total of 2,500 diabetes patients without cardio-cerebrovascular complications were randomly selected from the baseline cohort to detect the rs671 polymorphism of the ALDH2 gene. Cox regression analysis was carried out on the effect of different ALDH2 rs671 single-nucleotide polymorphisms on the risk and survival time of cardio-cerebrovascular complications among diabetes patients. RESULTS: There were 215 cardio-cerebrovascular complications, including 10 deaths, that occurred in the 2,500 diabetes patients during the follow-up period. Cox regression analysis showed that rs671 GA/AA genotype, sex (male), poor control of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure and glycated were risk factors, whereas drinking alcohol was a protective factor for cardio-cerebrovascular complications (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age and sex, the risk of the rs671 GA/AA genotype was 1.314-fold (95% confidence interval 1.000-1.727) that of the GG genotype. CONCLUSION: The G-A mutation of ALDH2 rs671 is a risk factor for the occurrence of and death from cardio-cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients. Further studies with larger cohorts and longer follow up will be necessary to reveal a consensus.

Response of the microbial community to phosphate-solubilizing bacterial inoculants on Ulmus chenmoui Cheng in Eastern China.

Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) have beneficial effects on plant health and soil composition. To date, studies of PSB in soil have largely been performed under field or greenhouse conditions. However, less is known about the impact of introducing indigenous PSB in the field, including their effects on the local microbial community. In this study, we conducted greenhouse and field experiments to explore the effects of the addition of indigenous PSB on the growth of Chenmou elm (Ulmus chenmoui) and on the diversity and composition of the bacterial community in the soil. We obtained four bacterial isolates with the highest phosphate-solubilizing activity: UC_1 (Pseudomonas sp.), UC_M (Klebsiella sp.), UC_J (Burkholderia sp.), and UC_3 (Chryseobacterium sp.). Sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform showed that the inoculated PSB did not become the dominant strains in the U. chenmoui rhizosphere. However, the soil bacterial community structure was altered by the addition of these PSB. The relative abundance of Chloroflexi decreased significantly in response to PSB application in all treatment groups, whereas the populations of several bacteria, including Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, increased. Network analysis indicated that Chloroflexi was the most strongly negatively correlated with Proteobacteria, whereas Proteobacteria was strongly positively correlated with Bacteroidetes. Our findings indicate that inoculation with PSB (UC_1, UC_M, UC_J, and UC_3) can improve the growth of U. chenmoui and regulate its rhizosphere microbial community. Therefore, inoculation with these bacterial strains could promote the efficient cultivation and production of high-quality plant materials.

The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated inconsistent relationships of diabetes with thyroid cancer risk, yet little is known in China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between diabetes, diabetes duration and the risk of thyroid cancer in Chinese population. METHODS: A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed between 2015 and 2017 in Zhejiang Province including 2,937 thyroid cancer cases and 2,937 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for thyroid cancer were estimated in logistic regression models. Specific effects stratified by age, as well as sex, body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes were also examined. RESULTS: Overall, neither diabetes (OR = 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.21-2.73) nor diabetes duration (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI: 0.02-1.22 for diabetes duration ≦ 5 years; OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 0.32-13.94 for diabetes duration > 5 years) was significantly associated with thyroid cancer. In stratified analyses, significant lower risk of thyroid cancer was observed among subjects with diabetes and shorter diabetes duration ( ≦ 5 years), but limited to those who were aged more than 40 years, female, overweight/obese and had positive family history of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes and shorter diabetes duration were significantly associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals characterized by older age, female sex, higher BMI and positive family history of diabetes.

Menstrual, reproductive and hormonal factors and thyroid cancer: a hospital-based case-control study in China.

BACKGROUND: There have been considerable studies on the effects of reproductive factors on thyroid cancer risk, while findings are inconsistent. In this analysis, we aimed to investigate the associations between menstrual, reproductive and hormonal factors with thyroid cancer occurrence in a population of Chinese women. METHODS: Using data from a 1:1 matched case-control study performed between 2015 and 2017 in Zhejiang Province of China, a second analysis of 2261 pairs of female subjects was conducted. The possible effects for thyroid cancer were evaluated in logistic regression models by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Later age at first pregnancy (for > 25 vs. ≦ 20 years, OR: 0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.96) and longer duration of breast feeding (for 6-12 vs. ≦ 6 months, OR: 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-0.98) were significantly associated with decreased occurrence of thyroid cancer, while no trend was observed. Stratified by age at enrollment, only the association with duration of breast feeding remained significant, but limited to younger women (≦ 50 years). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that women with later age at first pregnancy or longer breast feeding duration were less likely to have thyroid cancer. These findings supported an influence role of reproductive factors in thyroid cancer risk.

Association between alcohol consumption and hypertensionin adults of Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective @#To explore the relationship between alcohol consumption and hypertension in adults of Zhejiang Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hypertension. @*Methods@#Data were collected from 10 national surveillance sites in Zhejiang Province in the 2018 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between alcohol consumption and hypertension in adults of Zhejiang Province. @*Results @#Among 5 908 people included, 2 641 were males, accounting for 50.38%; and 3 267 were females, accounting for 49.62%. There were 2 721 cases of hypertension ( 28.54% ). The number of the cases with no, light and excessive alcohol consumption was 3 945, 1 117 and 846, accounting for 66.28%, 23.65% and 10.07%, respectively, after complex sampling weighting. The results of the multivariate logistic regression model showed that compared with those with no alcohol consumption, the adults with excessive alcohol consumption had higher risk of hypertension ( OR=2.126, 95%CI: 1.649-2.741 ); men with light ( OR=1.875, 95%CI: 1.075-3.270 ) and excessive alcohol consumption ( OR=2.752, 95%CI: 2.021-3.748 ) had higher risk of hypertension; the 18-<45-year-old adults with light ( OR=2.441, 95%CI: 1.171-5.087 ) and excessive alcohol consumption ( OR=3.368, 95%CI: 1.609-7.049 ), and the ≥60-year-old adults with excessive alcohol consumption ( OR=1.632, 95%CI: 1.174-2.269 ) had higher risk of hypertension. @*Conclusions @#Light and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with hypertension in Zhejiang adults. The association is stronger between excessive alcohol consumption and hypertension than between light alcohol consumption and hypertension.

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with the complication of intussusception: A case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is an extremely rare disorder characterized by multifocal venous malformations involving various organs such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Severe complications of BRBNS, such as intussusception, volvulus, and intestinal infarction are rarer and require surgery. This report describes a 33-year-old male of BRBNS complicated with intussusception that was successfully diagnosed and treated with surgery. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 33-year-old Chinese man presented with persistent, colicky pain accompanied by nausea, abdominal distension, and dizziness. The patient presented with sporadic bluish nodules on his skin involving his head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and planta pedis. DIAGNOSES: BRBNS with the complication of intussusception. INTERVENTIONS: An emergency laparotomy was performed, and postoperative management included blood transfusions and oral iron supplementation for 2 weeks. OUTCOMES: The patient's postoperative course of hospitalization was uneventful. During the 4-month follow-up, the patient showed no signs of intussusception recurrence. LESSONS: Patients diagnosed with BRBNS who present with acute abdominal pain and distension should raise suspicion for the presence of intussusception, which requires emergent surgical intervention.

Electrochemical sensing of pancreatic cancer miR-1290 based on yeast-templated mesoporous TiO2 modified electrodes.

Electrochemical sensing is an effective, low-cost technology for cancer detection. In this study, mesoporous TiO2 was prepared via biomimetic synthesis based on yeast cell templates, and used to prepare a modified electrode for the sensitive detection of pancreatic cancer miR-1290. The structure and the morphology of the TiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm (NADI), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). As a sensing active material, the yeast-templated mesoporous TiO2 could detect pancreatic cancer miRNAs with single-nucleotide discrimination. The sample prepared by calcination at 400 °C showed the best electrochemical sensing activity. Moreover, compared with the blank electrode, the yeast mesoporous TiO2 sensing electrode could oxidize the pancreatic cancer microRNAs at a lower potential, which minimized the interference from oxygen evolution reaction at high potentials.

Prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural communities of Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective@#To learn the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its influencing factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rural areas of Zhejiang Province, and to provide evidence for dyslipidemia control.@* Methods@#A sample of 10 343 patients with T2DM managed by communities from three counties (Jiashan,Suichang and Yongkang) were recruited. Through the residents’ health record system and specific investigation, demographic features,physical examination results of blood pressure,height, weight, waist circumstance (WC), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were collected to analyze the spectrum of dyslipidemia. A logistic regression model was established to explore the associated factors of dyslipidemia. @*Results @#The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia among the patients with T2DM in rural communities was 66.91%. The prevalence rates of higher level of TC, TG, LDL-C were 41.76%, 41.28%, 15.89%, respectively, while the prevalence rateof lower level of HDL-C was 16.92%. The prevalence rates of purely high TC,high TC with TG and purely high TG were 11.84%,11.75% and 11.47%,respectively. Higher level of TG with lower level of HDL-C was common in males (11.32%) and higher level of TC with TG was common in females (14.60%). The results from multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that females(OR=1.499,95%CI:1.352-1.663),age(OR=0.992,95%CI:0.988-0.996),poor control of HbA1c(OR=1.241,95%CI:1.141-1.351), abdominal obesity(OR=1.169,95%CI:1.064-1.285),overweight(OR=1.384,95%CI:1.257-1.524)and obesity(OR=1.582,95%CI:1.352-1.852)were associated with dyslipidemia. @*Conclusions@#The prevalence of dyslipidemia is relatively higher among the patients with T2DM in rural communities of Zhejiang Province. Higher level of TC and TG contributed to most dyslipidemia. The patients with T2DM who are females,have poor control of plasma glucose and suffer from obesity should be under surveillance.

Analysis of differential expression profile of miRNA in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer.

PURPOSE: To identify potential molecular targets for lung cancer intervention and diagnosis, we analyzed the differential miRNA expression of peripheral blood between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. METHODS: Three pairs of cases' and controls' peripheral blood samples were evaluated for miRNA expression by microarray. 12 miRNAs were selected for RT-PCR validation and target genes prediction. In addition, 4 miRNAs were selected for future validation by RT-PCR in a large sample of 145 cases and 55 frequency-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: A total of 338 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened and identified by microarray. According to the fold changes, the top ten upregulated miRNAs were hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-379-5p, hsa-miR-3655, hsa-miR-450b-5p, hsa-miR-29a-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-542-3p, hsa-miR-138-5p, hsa-miR-219a-2-3p, and hsa-miR-4701-3p, and the top ten downregulated miRNAs were hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-135a-5p, hsa-miR-132-3p, hsa-miR-3178, hsa-miR-4449, hsa-miR-4999-3p, hsa-miR-1246, hsa-miR-4424, hsa-miR-1252-5p, and hsa-miR-24-2-5p. RT-PCR verification of the 12 miRNAs revealed that 5 of 8 upregulated miRNAs, 2 of 4 downregulated miRNAs showed a significant difference between the cases and controls (P < .05). A large number of target genes and their functional set showed overlapping among the 453 predicted target genes of the 12 miRNAs (P < .01). RT-PCR in the large sample confirmed the significant differential expression level of hsa-miR-29a-5p, hsa-miR-135a-5p, hsa-miR-542-3p, and hsa-miR-4491 between cases and controls (P < .05), and three of these microRNA, except hsa-miR-29a-5p, were significant after Bonferroni correction for adjustment of multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in miRNAs expression in the peripheral blood between lung cancer patients and healthy controls, and 4 miRNAs were validated by a large-size sample.

Factors associated with glycemic control in community-dwelling elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Zhejiang, China: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Although exercise seems to be beneficial for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, there is limited research elucidating the optimal accessible indices of adiposity and insulin resistance for identifying elderly T2DM patients with poor glycemic control, which could be improved by performing regular exercise. METHODS: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with 918 Chinese elderly individuals with T2DM in Zhejiang. Relevant risk factors for poor glycemic control, as determined using glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 7%, were explored using logistic regression analyses and included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), the product of fasting triglycerides and glucose (TyG), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), TyG-BMI, and TyG-WC. Comparisons of the risk factors' ability to discriminate poor glycemic control as well as their optimal cutoff values were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and then the extent of poor glycemic control risk reduction through regular exercise was examined using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: The overall poor glycemic control rate was 49.3%. The factors associated with poor glycemic control included FBG > 3.869, TyG > 8.73, TyG-BMI > 222.45, and TyG-WC > 713.48 in logistic regression analyses. The optimal cutoff points of FBG, TyG, TyG-WC, and TyG-BMI in discriminating poor glycemic control were 7.38, 9.22, 813.33, and 227.77, and their corresponding areas under the ROC curves were 0.864(0.840-0.886), 0.684(0.653-0.714), 0.604(0.571-0.635), and 0.574(0.541-0.606), respectively. Occasional and regular exercise reduced the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of poor glycemic control to 0.187 (0.063-0.557) and 0.183 (0.059-0.571) for subjects with TyG-WC > 813.33 (p = 0.008), to 0.349 (0.156-0.782) and 0.284 (0.123-0.652) for subjects with TyG > 9.22 (p = 0.011), and to 0.390 (0.175-0.869) and 0.300(0.130-0.688) for subjects with TyG-BMI > 227.77 (p = 0.017), respectively, after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. CONCLUSION: Among elderly individuals with T2DM, poor glycemic control risk might be identified using indices calculated from FBG, TG, BMI, and WC measurements, which are indicative of adiposity and insulin resistance. TyG-WC seems to be an accessible and useful indicator to identify which elderly T2DM patients would benefit from performing regular exercise to achieve good glycemic control.