Impacto de prótesis valvular pulmonar en la función ventricular derecha y eventos cardiacos en pacientes con tetralogía de Fallot: análisis retrospectivo / Impact of pulmonary valve replacement on ventricular function and cardiac events in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. A retrospective cohort study

Introducción y objetivos: Evaluar el impacto del recambio valvular pulmonar (RVP) en pacientes con tetralogía de Fallot reparada (TFr) en la evolución de los volúmenes y función b-ventricular, y en los eventos adversos.MétodosSe identificó adultos con TFr del registro SACHER. Se evaluó los datos seriados de cardiorresonancia magnética, ecocardiografía, capacidad de ejercicio y fracción aminoterminal del propéptido natriurético cerebral (tipo B) (NT-proBNP). El objetivo primario fue la fracción de eyección del ventrículo derecho (FEVD) medida por cardiorresonancia. Los objetivos secundarios fueron volúmenes biventriculares, capacidad de ejercicio, valores de NT-proBNP y tiempo hasta eventos adversos (arritmia auricular o ventricular, endocarditis). Se analizó las asociaciones entre el RVP previo y las trayectorias longitudinales de los resultados funcionales, y el tiempo hasta los eventos cardiacos adversos con modelos lineales de efectos mixtos y modelos de riesgos proporcionales de Cox, respectivamente.ResultadosSe analizó a 308 pacientes (153 con y 155 sin RVP) con 887 visitas de estudio. No se asoció el RVP de manera significativa con la trayectoria de la FEVD (CE=-1,33; IC95%, –5,87-3,21; p=0,566). Se asoció el RVP previo con menor volumen telediastólico del ventrículo derecho, pero no tuvo efecto significativo en la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo, capacidad de ejercicio o valores de NT-proBNP. Se asoció el RVP previo con un riesgo incrementado de arritmias auriculares (HR=2,09; IC95%, 1,17-3,72; p=0,012) y endocarditis infecciosa (HR=12,72; IC95%, 4,69-34,49; p<0,0001), pero no con un riesgo aumentado de arritmias ventriculares sostenidas (HR=0,64; IC95%, 0,18-2,27; p=0,490).ConclusionesNo se asoció el RVP previo de manera significativa con la trayectoria de la FEVD, pero sí con un riesgo aumentado de arritmias auriculares y endocarditis infecciosa. (AU)

Introduction and objectives: Our aim was to assess the impact of prosthetic pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) on changes in biventricular volumes and function and on adverse cardiac events.MethodsAdults with rTOF were identified from the SACHER-registry. Data from serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiography, exercise capacity and n-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were collected. The primary endpoint was right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) as measured by cardiac magnetic resonance. Secondary endpoints were biventricular volumes, left ventricular ejection fraction, exercise capacity and NT-proBNP levels, and time to adverse cardiac outcomes (atrial and ventricular arrhythmia, endocarditis). Associations between previous PVR and longitudinal changes in functional outcomes and time to adverse cardiac outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively.ResultsA total of 308 patients (153 with and 155 without PVR) with 887 study visits were analyzed. Previous PVR was not significantly associated with changes in RVEF (CE, -1.33; 95%CI, -5.87 to 3.21; P=.566). Previous PVR was associated with lower right ventricular end-diastolic volume but had no significant effect on left ventricular ejection fraction, exercise capacity, or NT-proBNP-levels. Previous PVR was associated with an increased hazard of atrial arrhythmias (HR, 2.09; 95%CI, 1.17-3.72; P=.012) and infective endocarditis (HR, 12.72; 95%CI, 4.69-34.49; P<.0001) but not with an increased hazard of sustained ventricular arrhythmias (HR, 0.64; 95%CI, 0.18-2.27; P=.490).ConclusionsPrevious PVR was not significantly associated with changes in RVEF but was associated with an increased risk of atrial arrhythmias and infective endocarditis. (AU)

Impact of pulmonary valve replacement on ventricular function and cardiac events in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. A retrospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess the impact of prosthetic pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) on changes in biventricular volumes and function and on adverse cardiac events. METHODS: Adults with rTOF were identified from the SACHER-registry. Data from serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiography, exercise capacity and n-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were collected. The primary endpoint was right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) as measured by cardiac magnetic resonance. Secondary endpoints were biventricular volumes, left ventricular ejection fraction, exercise capacity and NT-proBNP levels, and time to adverse cardiac outcomes (atrial and ventricular arrhythmia, endocarditis). Associations between previous PVR and longitudinal changes in functional outcomes and time to adverse cardiac outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 308 patients (153 with and 155 without PVR) with 887 study visits were analyzed. Previous PVR was not significantly associated with changes in RVEF (CE, -1.33; 95%CI, -5.87 to 3.21; P=.566). Previous PVR was associated with lower right ventricular end-diastolic volume but had no significant effect on left ventricular ejection fraction, exercise capacity, or NT-proBNP-levels. Previous PVR was associated with an increased hazard of atrial arrhythmias (HR, 2.09; 95%CI, 1.17-3.72; P=.012) and infective endocarditis (HR, 12.72; 95%CI, 4.69-34.49; P<.0001) but not with an increased hazard of sustained ventricular arrhythmias (HR, 0.64; 95%CI, 0.18-2.27; P=.490). CONCLUSIONS: Previous PVR was not significantly associated with changes in RVEF but was associated with an increased risk of atrial arrhythmias and infective endocarditis.

High Variability of Right Ventricular Volumes and Function in Adults with Severe Pulmonary Regurgitation Late After Tetralogy of Fallot Repair.

Our aim was to assess changes of right ventricular end-diastolic volumes (RVEDVi) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) in asymptomatic adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot, with native right ventricular outflow tract and severe pulmonary regurgitation by serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). The study included 23 asymptomatic adults who underwent ≥3 CMR studies (total of 88 CMR studies). We compared changes in RVEDVi and RVEF between first and last study (median follow-up: 8.8 years, interquartile range: 6.3 to 13.1 years) and between all study pairs. Variability of measurements between study pairs (65 consecutive and 139 nonconsecutive CMR study pairs) were assessed using Bland-Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients. On average, there were no significant changes of RVEDVi or RVEF over the study period (change in RVEDVi: +0.4 ± 17.8 ml/m2, change in RVEF: -1.0 ± 5.5%). Assessment of variability of measurements between study pairs demonstrated no systematic change in RVEDVi and RVEF between study pairs with limits of agreement within the range of previously published studies (RVEDVi -29.1 to +27.2 ml/m2; RVEF -11.5% to 10.2%). High intraclass correlation coefficients for RVEDVi (0.943, 95% CI 0.906 to 0.965, p <0.001) and RVEF (0.815, 95% CI 0.697 to 0.887, p <0.0001) indicate high reliability of reported measurements. In conclusion, in asymptomatic adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot with native right ventricular outflow tracts and severe pulmonary regurgitation, CMR measurements of RV volumes and RVEF remain stable during follow-up with variability between CMR studies in individual patients, as expected for interobserver and interstudy variability. Measurements derived from a single CMR study or changes occurring between 2 CMR studies should be used with caution for clinical decision-making.