ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Traditional vasculogenesis has many contradictions related to treatment and imaging. This occurs because cancer also uses glycolysis, which does not need oxygen or arteries. Glycolytic lactate supports many procancer processes but high levels of it inhibit glycolysis. CONCLUSION: To avoid this, lactate induces vascular growth factors that initiate glycolytic vasculogenesis ALPHA (acidic lactate sequentially induces first lymphangiogenesis, phlebogenesis, and then arteriogenesis). The sequence of vessel development is lymphatics, veins, and then arteries. Modern contrast imaging depends more on veins than arteries, which is more consistent with ALPHA than the traditional theory.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neovascularization, Pathologic/diagnosis , Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism , Oxygen/metabolism , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Animals , Computer Simulation , Female , Glycolysis , Humans , Lactic Acid/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Biological , Rabbits , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
Our hypothesis, ALPHA (Acidic Lactate sequentially induced Lymphogenesis, PHlebogenesis, and Arteriogenesis) proposes that lactate triggers vasculogenesis to manage lactate levels and complements the traditional vasculogenesis hypothesis. The teleologic basis for glycolytic vasculogenesis is primariy to produce drainage vessels, initially lymphatics but subsequently veins.