Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/psychology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/physiopathology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy , Anecdotes as Topic , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Attitude , Female , Health Behavior , HumansABSTRACT
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the infrarenal abdominal aorta has been reported by a few authors. In the present series, aortic stenoses in 32 patients were treated with various percutaneous angioplasty techniques. Isolated aortic stenoses and primary aortic stenoses extending into the iliac arteries were successfully dilated. The initial success rate was 100%, without evidence of rupture, thrombosis, dissection, or distal embolization. In only three of the 28 patients who returned for follow-up did symptoms recur or noninvasive vascular laboratory indexes deteriorate (mean follow-up, 25 months). Percutaneous transluminal aortic angioplasty has proved safe and efficacious in the treatment of atherosclerotic aortic stenoses.
Subject(s)
Angioplasty, Balloon/methods , Aortic Valve Stenosis/therapy , Adult , Aged , Aorta, Abdominal , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Absolute ethanol was used to perform nine transcatheter embolizations and 21 direct percutaneous puncture embolizations in eight patients with unresectable vascular malformations. Six patients had arteriovenous malformations and two patients had hemangiomas. Four of these patients had undergone unsuccessful surgery, and the other four were not considered candidates for operation. All large complex symptomatic vascular malformations (SVMs) required multiple embolizations that were staged procedures. Ethanol embolotherapy, performed according to strict techniques, has proved efficacious in the management of SVMs.
Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Malformations/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Ethanol/therapeutic use , Hemangioma/therapy , Adult , Aged , Extremities/blood supply , Female , Humans , Male , Pelvis/blood supplySubject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging , Eye Diseases/congenital , Orbital Diseases/congenital , Child , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Injuries/diagnosis , Eye Neoplasms/congenital , Eye Neoplasms/diagnosis , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Orbit/injuries , Orbital Diseases/diagnosis , Orbital Neoplasms/congenital , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skull Fractures/diagnosisABSTRACT
The unprecedented gray/white differentiation obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has created a unique opportunity to trace the normal process of myelination. Fifty-nine children referred for evaluation of a nonneurologic problem or a nonspecific neurologic complaint were studied with MRI using spin-echo technique. Children ranged in age from term (40 weeks intrauterine) to 16 years. Scans were reviewed for quantitative and qualitative changes with age. T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured for 13 regions of interest in 37 children. With increasing age a sharp decrease in both T1 and T2 values, most pronounced during the first year of life, was seen. The prolonged relaxation times in the newborn infant correspond to the known high water content of the neonatal brain; the subsequent decline corresponds to the decrease in water content and increase in myelination observed in autopsy studies of infants. Qualitative changes in the MRI appearance of the brain with age using a spin-echo sequence (2 sec repetition time) demonstrated that the process of myelination was most rapid during the first 2-3 years of life. Myelination appeared to occur earliest in the posterior fossa, with the middle cerebellar peduncle identifiable at only 3 months. By the age of 1 year, all major white matter tracts including the corpus callosum, subcortical white matter, and the internal capsule were well defined. However, due to subtle changes in appearance, the refined configuration of the adult brain was not attained until early adolescence.
Subject(s)
Brain/growth & development , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Adolescent , Adult , Brain/anatomy & histology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Myelin Sheath/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Fifty calcified intracranial lesions diagnosed with computed tomography (CT) were evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) using a spin-echo sequence. MR images demonstrated 41 of 50 lesions seen as calcified on CT scans, among them 29 of 30 cerebral neoplasms and all ten arteriovenous malformations. The presence of calcification was suspected prospectively in about 60% of calcified lesions but was also suspected in 45% of uncalcified lesions (reviewed as control cases). No fine calcifications and only 25% of punctate calcifications were disclosed on MR images. In the nine lesions undetected by MR, calcification was the only abnormal CT finding. The findings of calcification on MR images were nonspecific, ranging from signal void or signal dampening on all sequences to no alteration of signal intensity. The most common finding of calcification was a focus of signal diminution, rather than signal void, as commonly reported.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Calcinosis/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Biopsy, Needle , Hip Joint/pathology , Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects , Ultrasonography , Humans , MethodsABSTRACT
The Poland-Möbius syndrome is the combination of two rare congenital disorders and has been reported previously in only 13 patients. We report two additional cases with an evaluation of the findings and possible pathogenesis, and discuss the role of computerized tomography in evaluating the brain, pons, orbits, and facial nerve.
