ABSTRACT
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is one of the most important infectious causes of death in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Ocular manifestations can appear in particular when the CD4 cell count is low. This article presents a case report of a 38-year-old homosexual man in whom HIV microangiopathy retinopathy syndrome (MAPS) was found during the assessment of the initial HIV diagnosis. Typical findings in MAPS are conjunctival and retinal vessel abnormalities, cotton wool spots as well as intraretinal hemorrhages. Loss of vision is a rare complication but MAPS shows an impairment of the immune status and is also associated with a higher mortality.
Subject(s)
Eye Infections, Viral/diagnosis , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Adenine/administration & dosage , Adenine/analogs & derivatives , Adult , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/methods , Cyclohexanes/administration & dosage , Deoxycytidine/administration & dosage , Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Early Diagnosis , Emtricitabine , Eye Infections, Viral/drug therapy , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Lopinavir/administration & dosage , Male , Maraviroc , Organophosphonates/administration & dosage , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Syndrome , Tenofovir , Treatment Outcome , Triazoles/administration & dosage , Zidovudine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
There are various retinal disorders that cause macular degeneration. However, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the main cause of legal blindness in developed countries. Even today the end stage of this disease can often not be avoided. Patients suffer from central scotoma and severe vision loss. Low vision aids may help in certain situations, but these devices are often functionally and cosmetically inadequate. The implantation of the IOL-Vip system is a new surgical alternative. The lens system consists of a high negative power lens (-64 D) which is implanted in the capsular bag and a high positive power lens (+53 D) which is implanted in the anterior chamber. An intraocular Galilean telescope is reproduced by this arrangement. The IOL-Vip system provides a magnification of 1.3 without notably compromising the peripheral visual field. Investigations have shown that visual improvement can be achieved after implantation of the IOL-Vip system combined with a rehabilitation program. In particular orientation and the ability of patients to perform everyday tasks showed improvement.
