ABSTRACT
The antimicrobial activity of four propolis samples collected from Upper Egypt against Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli and Candida albicans was evaluated. There was a variation in the antimicrobial activity according to the propolis origin. Banisweif propolis showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, but Fayoum propolis had moderate activity against all tested pathogens. Propolis collected from Assiut and Souhag gave lower antimicrobial activity. Propolis samples were investigated by GC/MS, 71 compounds were identified, 14 being new for propolis. Banisweif propolis is characterized by the presence of 7 caffeate esters and 4 triterpenoids. Fayoum propolis showed the highest amount of lactic acid and the presence of 3 chalcones. But Assiut propolis is characterized by the presence of 4 prenylated coumarates. Souhag propolis is characterized by the presence of 5 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and some other new compounds to propolis.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Propolis/chemistry , Propolis/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Carboxylic Acids/chemistry , Carboxylic Acids/isolation & purification , Diterpenes/chemistry , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Egypt , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Three propolis samples from Austria, Germany and France were investigated by GC/MS, where eleven compounds were being new for propolis. The samples showed some similarities in their qualitative composition. Phenylethyl-trans-caffeate, benzyl ferulate and galangin were predominant in German propolis. Benzyl caffeate was predominant in French sample. Pinocembrin was predominant in French and Austrian propolis and trans-p-coumaric acid was predominant in all samples. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was evaluated. German propolis showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. While Austrian propolis has the highest activity against Candida albicans. French propolis was effective against all pathogens but less than German and Austrian propolis.
Subject(s)
Candida albicans/drug effects , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Propolis/chemistry , Propolis/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Austria , Candida albicans/growth & development , Escherichia coli/growth & development , France , Germany , Ketoconazole/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development , Tetracycline/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Five pentacyclic triterpenoids have been isolated from the minor constituents of local liquorice roots, one of them has not been isolated before from liquorice root. Their structural formulae and stereochemical configuration was determined by spectroscopic methods. 13C and 1H NMR data have been compiled.
