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J Am Coll Cardiol ; 41(11): 2004-9, 2003 Jun 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12798573

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess the mechanism and prognostic value of elevated troponins in patients without acute coronary syndromes (ACS). BACKGROUND: Cardiac troponins are used as specific markers for the diagnosis of ACS. Recent studies reported a considerable number of critically ill patients without ACS as being troponin-positive, especially patients with sepsis, pulmonary embolism, renal failure, and stroke. METHODS: We analyzed 58 consecutive, critically ill patients admitted for reasons other than ACS, according to their troponin status. Thirty-day mortality, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and a panel of inflammatory cytokines were compared between troponin-positive and troponin-negative patients. Relevant coronary artery disease was excluded either by stress echocardiography or autopsy. RESULTS: Of the 58 critically ill patients, 32 (55%) without evidence of ACS were troponin-positive. Positive troponin levels were associated with higher mortality (22.4% vs. 5.2%, p < 0.018) and a lower LVEF (p = 0.0006). Troponin-positive patients had significantly higher median levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, its soluble receptor, and interleukin (IL)-6. A subgroup of 10 aplastic patients was troponin-negative at study entry. Three became troponin-positive during leukocyte recovery and subsequently died, whereas all the others stayed troponin-negative and survived. Flow-limiting coronary artery disease was not demonstrable at autopsy or stress echocardiography in 72% of troponin-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated troponin is a mortality risk factor for medical intensive care patients admitted for reasons other than ACS. It is associated with decreased left ventricular function and higher levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6.


Subject(s)
Coronary Disease/blood , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Troponin/blood , Acute Disease , Adult , Aged , Biomarkers/blood , Coronary Angiography , Critical Illness/mortality , Cytokines/metabolism , Echocardiography, Stress , Female , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/blood , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/mortality , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/blood , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/mortality , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neutrophils/physiology , Risk Factors , Shock, Septic/blood , Shock, Septic/mortality , Stroke Volume/physiology , Survival Analysis , Syndrome , Time Factors
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