ABSTRACT
Present article reads three dimensional flow analysis of incompressible viscous hybrid nanofluid in a rotating frame. Ethylene glycol is used as a base liquid while nanoparticles are of copper and silver. Fluid is bounded between two parallel surfaces in which the lower surface stretches linearly. Fluid is conducting hence uniform magnetic field is applied. Effects of non-linear thermal radiation, Joule heating and viscous dissipation are entertained. Interesting quantities namely surface drag force and Nusselt number are discussed. Rate of entropy generation is examined. Bvp4c numerical scheme is used for the solution of transformed O.D.Es. Results regarding various flow parameters are obtained via bvp4c technique in MATLAB Software version 2019, and displayed through different plots. Our obtained results presents that velocity field decreases with respect to higher values of magnetic parameter, Reynolds number and rotation parameter. It is also observed that the temperature field boots subject to radiation parameter. Results are compared with Ishak et al. (Nonlinear Anal R World Appl 10:2909-2913, 2009) and found very good agreement with them. This agreement shows that the results are 99.99% match with each other.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Study of nanofluids has been enormously increased for the last couple of years. Regardless of some irregularity in the revealed outcomes and lacking consistency, yet the mechanisms of heat transport have been emerged as highly efficient. In the continuation of nanomaterials research, the investigators and analyst have also attempted to utilize hybrid nanomaterial recently, which is designed by suspending unique nanomaterials (nanoparticles) either in mixture or composite structure. The theory of hybrid nanofluids can be further modified for heat transport and pressure drop attributes by trade-off between disadvantages and advantages of individual suspension, ascribed to great aspect ratio, better thermal system and synergistic impact of nanomaterials. Therefore, we have conducted a theoretical attempt on MHD entropy optimized viscous hybrid nanomaterial flow between two parallel plates. The boundaries of plates are fixed with velocity and thermal slip aspects. Chemical reaction with novel aspect of activation energy is accounted. Furthermore, thermal radiation, heat generation and Joule heating are examined. METHOD: The modeled system is numerically simulated through bvp4c technique. RESULTS: Behaviors of pertinent variables on the velocity, skin friction, temperature, Nusselt number, entropy generation rate and concentration are presented and discussed through different graphs. Temperature field decays against higher values of Eckert number and thermal slip variable. CONCLUSIONS: It is noticed that velocity of material particles increase against larger estimations of rotation parameter. Temperature declines versus larger Prandtl and Eckert numbers. Concentration decays when an enhancement is occurred in the Lewis number. Magnitude of surface drag force upsurges for rising values of Prandtl number and radiation parameter. Furthermore, magnitude of Nusselt number enhances through larger Eckert number, magnetic number and Prandtl number.
Subject(s)
Entropy , Nanoparticles , Nanostructures , Algorithms , Computer Simulation , Copper/chemistry , Graphite/chemistry , Hot Temperature , Hydrodynamics , Models, Theoretical , Movement , Rotation , Viscosity , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is considered the second most common form of dementia in the elderly. The cognitive fluctuations, hallucinations and extrapyramidal symptoms and signs suggest simultaneous neurodegeneration in multiple neuronal pathways including both dopaminergic and cholinergic transmission. In the past few years, several small studies have demonstrated the benefit of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) on the cognitive and behavioral symptoms of DLB. These drugs, by reversibly blocking the hydrolytic activity of AChE, increase the availability of synaptic acetylcholine. Neuropathological and neuroimaging studies demonstrated that cholinergic neurotransmission is more defective in DLB than in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the relevance of AChEIs to DLB, there are no FDA-approved drugs for its management. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature on the application of donepezil in DLB. Although the results are inconclusive, when one compares and contrasts them to the results of the AD-donepezil trials, the effect size appears larger. Placebo-controlled, randomized, well-powered studies of adequate length are needed to avoid underutilization of a potentially efficacious drug.
