Symbiotic interactions between free-living amoeba and harboured mercury-resistant bacteria.

A co-culture of environmental Acanthamoeba sp. associated to Hg-sensitive, narrow or broad-spectrum Hg-resistant Aeromonas sp. strains was exposed to HgCl(2) and phenylmercuric acetate. Amoebic growth depended on the Hg-resistance determinants of harboured bacteria. This laboratory model helped in understanding the mechanisms of Hg-resistance observed in amoeba isolated in river waters after a mercuric pollution. Amoeba acquired Hg-resistance by using symbiotic resistant bacteria.

Synthetic oligonucleotide probes for detection of mercury-resistance genes in environmental freshwater microbial communities in response to pollutants.

Mercury-resistance genes were detected byin situ hybridization using new synthetic oligonucleotide probes specific formerA andmerB genes according to the published sequences of the corresponding enzymes. These DNA probes were used for the detection of specific mercury-resistant microorganisms isolated from the Rhine River which had been polluted 3 years previously in 1986. Mercuric reductase and organomercurial lyase genes persist in the bacterial genome even after the disappearance of the pollutant but are absent in axenic amoebae. A total of 49 bacterial isolates showed DNA homologies with the(32)P-labelled DNA probes and 15 free-living amoebae were selected due to their harboured symbiotic mercury-resistant bacteria.