Effect of Capsaicin Atomization on Cough and Swallowing Function in Patients With Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Patients with hemorrhagic stroke have high mortality and disability rates. Nevertheless, early rehabilitation interventions can improve their outcomes. We aimed to apply capsaicin atomization as early intervention to patients with hemorrhagic stroke and explore improvements in cough and swallowing functions. METHOD: Patients with hemorrhagic stroke were randomly divided into the control group, which received routine care, and the intervention group, which underwent the capsaicin solution nebulization scheme in addition to routine care. Differences in the presence/absence of cough reflex and number of coughs in response to capsaicin, the presence/absence of swallowing reflex in response to water, the presence/absence of postswallow residue, substance P (SP) concentration, and pulmonary inflammation between the two groups were determined before and after the intervention. RESULTS: A total of 53 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were included. Results showed no statistically significant difference in cough reflex in both groups after the intervention (p > .05). The degree of cough in the intervention group was stronger than that in the control group (p = .046). No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of patients with swallowing reflex in response to water between the groups (p > .05). The presence/absence of postswallow residue of the intervention group was stronger than that of the control group (p = .032). No statistically significant difference was observed between the Glasgow Coma Scale scores of the groups after the intervention (p > .05). SP in the intervention group was significantly increased (p = .031). The Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score was significantly lower in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p = .028). CONCLUSIONS: Capsaicin nebulization can help enhance the number of coughs in response to capsaicin, reduce postswallow residue, and increase the level of SP in patients with hemorrhagic stroke and has a positive effect on pulmonary inflammation. This study provides intervention points for cough and swallowing rehabilitation after a hemorrhagic stroke. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21956903.

Effect of Liuwei Dihuang decoction on β-catenin and EMT in kidney tissue of UUO rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effect of Liuwei Dihuang decoction ( LWDHD) on the expression of β-catenin, E-cadherin,α-SMA, the pathological changes of renal tissue, and the changes of an epithelial-mesen-chymal transformation ( EMT) in renal tissue of rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction ( UUO ) . Methods Forty-eight SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into sham group ( Sham), model group ( UUO), Liuwei Dihuang decoction low, medium, and high groups ( LWDHD 3. 375, 6. 75, 13. 5 g · kg

Clinical application of direct composite resin in esthetic restoration / 中华口腔医学杂志

The direct composite resin bonding is widely used in the esthetic restorations of anterior teeth. Due to the technique sensitive procedure, the esthetic effect and long-term clinical performance of direct composite resin restoration have long been the focus of dental clinicians. This article will analyze the influencing factors of esthetic effect of composite resin from three aspects, including materials, teeth and technology. Also, it will summarize the clinical performance of direct composite resin from the perspective of esthetic evaluation. Eventually, this article will provide guidance for the clinical application of esthetic restoration of direct composite resin bonding.

Gestational diabetes mellitus decreased umbilical cord blood polyunsaturated fatty acids: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

BACKGROUND: Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is important for the development of the fetal brain, and the retina. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may influence maternal and fetal fatty acid metabolism, in turn affecting fetal growth and development. In several studies, maternal and fetal PUFA metabolic differences have been reported between mothers with and without GDM, but not in other studies. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis (registration number: CRD42020220448) was to compare levels of linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total n-3 and n-6 PUFA between mothers with and without GMD and their fetuses. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies on maternal and fetal fatty acid metabolism, published until May 2021. In addition, we performed subgroup analysis depending on the analyzed tissues (plasma/serum, erythrocyte membrane, or placenta) and the expression modes of fatty acids (concentration or percentage). RESULTS: We included 24 observational studies involving 4335 maternal datasets and 12 studies involving 1675 fetal datasets in the meta-analysis. Levels of AA, DHA, and n-6 and n-3 PUFA were lower in the cord blood of mothers with GDM than in controls (P  <  0.05). Compared to that in controls, in erythrocyte membranes, the percentages of AA, DHA, and n-6 and n-3 PUFA in total fatty acid were lower in mothers with GDM (P  <  0.05), but in plasma/serum, the percentages of AA, DHA, and n-6 PUFA in total fatty acid were higher in mothers with GDM (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: GDM appears to influence the transfer of PUFAs from mothers to fetuses. The percentage of PUFAs in maternal plasma/serum was higher, and that in erythrocyte membranes was lower in mothers with GDM compared to those with normal glucose tolerance.

Relationship between social norms and smoking cessation among male smokers in three cities of China / 上海预防医学

Objective To explore the relationship between social norms and smoking intention, among male smokers in China. Methods A total 3 621 (with 95.8% of effective response rate) male smokers were selected and investigated with questionnaires from August to November in 2013.Univariate logistic regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to find the associations between social norms, smoking intention and quitting attempts. Results Smokers perceived low pro-quitting social norms from their family members, friends and other people around.With a 1 point increase in pro-quitting social norms score, smokers′ willingness to quit in the next 6 months increased by 69% (OR=1.69, 95%CI:1.48-1.94), and smokers were 86% more likely to quit(OR=1.86, 95%CI:1.66-2.08). Conclusion Pro-quitting social norms is proved to be an independent predictor for smoking intention, quitting attempts among male smokers in China.Therefore, future intervention should aim to establish pro-quitting social norms for smoking cessation.

Relationship between social norms and smoking cessation among male smokers in three cities of China / 上海预防医学

Objective To explore the relationship between social norms and smoking intention, among male smokers in China. Methods A total 3 621 (with 95.8% of effective response rate) male smokers were selected and investigated with questionnaires from August to November in 2013.Univariate logistic regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to find the associations between social norms, smoking intention and quitting attempts. Results Smokers perceived low pro-quitting social norms from their family members, friends and other people around.With a 1 point increase in pro-quitting social norms score, smokers′ willingness to quit in the next 6 months increased by 69% (OR=1.69, 95%CI:1.48-1.94), and smokers were 86% more likely to quit(OR=1.86, 95%CI:1.66-2.08). Conclusion Pro-quitting social norms is proved to be an independent predictor for smoking intention, quitting attempts among male smokers in China.Therefore, future intervention should aim to establish pro-quitting social norms for smoking cessation.

Prenatal counseling strategies for two cases with maternal uterine cavity abnormalities and misshapen fetal head detected in the third trimester / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the clinical strategies of prenatal counseling in cases with abnormal maternal uterus cavity and misshapen fetal head detected in the third trimester.METHODS:The cases with both maternal uterus malforma⁃tion and ultrasound-diagnosed microcephaly only at the third trimester between 2016 and 2017 were reviewed and the postnatal development of the infants was followed up.RESULTS:A total of two cases were recruited and both cases showed normal fetal structure at the second trimester anomaly scan.One case was noted to have board thick fibromuscular adhe⁃sions band.The fetus was in breech presentation with limited fetal movement of the lower limbs.Amniocenetesis revealed normal karyotype of the fetus.At the 31 st week of the gestation,the fetus appeared to have elongated head with head cir⁃cumference(HC)at-2 SD level,protruding upper lip,and unilateral club foot.The other pregnant woman had complete uterine septum with fundus-located placenta and breech presentation.Her fetus had a HC below-4 SD whereas the dis⁃tance between the cranial bottom to top was 88 mm,with caput succedaneum and oligohydramnios.Magnetic resonance im⁃aging(MRI)showed normal structure and sulci gyrus development of the fetus.Both babies were born prematurely(at36 th and 31 st week)with birth weights compatible to their gestational ages,and both had an obviously misshapen head at birth.One baby also had unilateral club foot.The babies' appearance and development were totally normal at a follow-up examination at 6 months after birth.CONCLUSION:The prognosis of cases with uterine cavity abnormality and misshapen fetal head detected only at third trimester is usually good,but there is increased risk of malpresentation and preterm la⁃bor.Comprehensive assessment of the serial fetal growth conditions,maternal uterus abnormalities,and MRI are helpful in prenatal counseling.

Tag single nucleotide polymorphism rs1532624 located in cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene is associated with atherosclerosis cerebral ischemia

Objective:To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of rs1532624 and rs289741 loci in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genes and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI).Methods:The CETP gene rs1532624 and rs289741 in 95 patients with ACI and 177 healthy subjects were genotyped by MassARRAY mass spectrometry. Each locus genotype and allele frequency distributions were compared.Results:The difference of allele frequency distribution between the rs1532624 (χConclusion:ACI have a positive correlation with rs1532624 polymorphism, and AA genotype may be susceptible factors of ACI.

Tag single nucleotide polymorphism rs1532624 located in cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene is associated with atherosclerosis cerebral ischemia

Objective: To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of rs1532624 and rs289741 loci in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genes and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods: The CETP gene rs1532624 and rs289741 in 95 patients with ACI and 177 healthy subjects were genotyped by MassARRAY mass spectrometry. Each locus genotype and allele frequency distributions were compared. Results: The difference of allele frequency distribution between the rs1532624 (χ

Retrospective Analysis of Genetics Abnormalities in Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the characteristics of cytogenetics and molecular genetics in patients with multiple myeloma(MM).@*METHODS@#Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) was used for molecular genetics analysis in 86 cases of newly diagnosed MM, at the same time the chromosome karyotype analysis was performed in 20 cases. Specimen were bone marrow cells.@*RESULTS@#FISH detection showed that 68 cases of MM (79.07%) had at least one type of the molecular genetic abnormalities. The positive rates of IgH rearrangement, 1q21 amplification, D13S319 deletion, RB1 deletion and.P53 deletion were 62.79%, 26.74%, 24.42% ,13.95% and 1.16%, respectively. The positive rate of IgH was significantly higher than that of any other probes(P<0.01). The positive rate of IgH was 79.41% in 68 cases. Out of which the positive rate of IgH single and combined with 1, 2, 3, 4 probes was 59.26%, 24.07%, 11.11%, 5.56% and 0 respectively. The positive rate of IgH only was very signficantly higher than that of combined with any other probes(P<0.01).The positive rate of 1q21 was 33.82% in 68 cases, Out of which the positive rates of 1q21 or combined with 1,2,3,4 probes was 21.74%, 43.48%, 21.74%,13.04% and 0 respectively, the 1q21 probe showed positive as combined with other probes(P<0.01), especially with IgH(P<0.05). The positive rates of D13S319 were 30.88% in 68 cases of patients, out of which the positive rates of D13S319 single or combined with 1, 2, 3, 4 probes was 14.29%, 28.57%, 42.86%, 14.29% and 0 respectively, the D13S319 combined with other probes appeared more significant positive(P<0.01), especially with 1 or 2 probes (P< 0.01). The positive rate of RB1 was 17.65% in 68 cases, the positive rate of RB1 singl or combined with 1, 2, 3, 4 probes were 0, 25%, 50%, 25% and 0, the RB1 appeared positive always combined with other probes, especially with D13S319 probe (P<0.01). The positive rate of P53 was 1.47%, as combined with RB1 and D13S319 probes. The chromosomal karyotyping showed that 3 cases carried abnormal chromosomal and 17 cases carried normal chromosome, Out of which 17 cases showed positive by FISH. There was a significant difference of sensitivity between FISH combined with chromosome karvotyping and single chromosome karvotype (P< 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The genetic abnormalies display obvious heterogenicity in MM. The sensitivity of FISH is higher than that of chromosomal karvotyping. If FISH and chromosome karvotyping are combined, the positive rate of abnormality can be raised.

Study on Ambi-extracting and Inclusion Process of Volatile Oil from Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To optimize ambi-extracting and inclusion process of volatile oil from Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Methods With yield ratio of volatile oil and ferulic acid content in water extract as evaluation indexes, single factor experiments were used to study the extraction process. With the inclusion rate of volatile oil and yield of inclusion as evaluation indexes, saturated aqueous solution was used to L9(34) orthogonal experiments to reach optimum inclusion process. Results The optimum extraction process of Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix was extracted for 8 hours with 8 folds the amount of water, and without soaking. The validation experiments of extraction of volatile oil and ferulic acid content in water extract were 1.23 mL and 0.387 9 mg/g. The optimum conditions of inclusion process were as follows: volatile oil (mL): β-CD (g) was 1:8;inclusion temperature was 40 ℃; inclusion time was 3 hours. The validation experiments of inclusion rate of volatile oil and yield of inclusion were 74.89% and 72.81%. Conclusion Optimum ambi-extracting and inclusion process of volatile oil from Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix are feasible and stable, witch can provide certain supporting data for preparation production.

Effect of intrahippocampal injection of anti-cellular prion protein monoclonal antibody on cognitive deficits in APPswe/PSEN1 transgenic mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of intrahippocampal injection of cellular prion protein (PrP) antibody on cognitive deficits of APPswe/PSEN1 transgenic mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight-month-old male APPswe/PSEN1 transgenic mice were subjected to bilateral intrahippocampal injection of a single dose (2 µL) of anti-PrP monoclonal antibody (EP1802Y) or PBS, with wild-type C57Bl/6J mice serving as the control group. After two months, the mice were tested for cognitive behaviors using open filed (OF) test, Morris water maze (MWM) test, fear conditioning (FC) test, and novel object recognition (NOR) test, and immunohistochemistry was used to examine the changes in hippocampal expression of Aβ.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The EP1802Y-treated and PBS-treated mice showed no significantly differences in the performance in OF test in terms of central activity time or total distance of activity (P>0.05), nor in NOR test in terms of novel object recognition index (P>0.05). In MWM test, the EP1802Y-treated and PBS-treated mice showed significantly reduced crossings of the hidden platform as compared with the wild-type mice (P<0.05), but EP1802Y-treated mice had a significantly shorter swimming distance to find the platform than PBS-treated mice (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the results of FC test among the 3 groups. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significantly reduced expression of Aβ in the hippocampus of EP1802Y-treated mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intrahippocampal injection of PrP antibody can improve cognitive deficits of APPswe/PSEN1 transgenic mice, which sheds light on a novel therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease that targets PrP to lower the toxicity of Aβ oligomer.</p>

Polymorphism of Glutathione S-Transferases and Genetic Sensitivity of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the relationship between GST polymorphism and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) risk.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The relevant references of this relationship in English or Chinese were extensively searched through PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI) and Wanfang Database up to August 2015 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. GST polymorphism-specific odd ratios(OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals(CI) were calculated with the STATA statistical package. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed, and funnel plots were constructed to test the publication bias.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 27 studies concerning the GST polymorphisms and the risk of ALL were evaluated, which included 3736 cases of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 5549 controls. Significant summary OR of ALL were obtained for GSTM1 (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.21-1.65) and GSTT1 (OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.05-1.50). Subgroup analysis showed that GSTM1 variant was associated with increased susceptibility to ALL in group of Blacks, Asians, PB (Population-based controls), HB (Hospital-based controls) '≥ 100 cases' and '< 100 cases'. Regarding GSTT1 polymorphism, significant relation with ALL risk was found in subgroup of Asians, PB and '≥ 100 cases'.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms may be cerrelated with an increased risk of ALL. Further investigations are needed to confirm the conclusions.</p>

Development of Regulatory T Cells Mediated by NF-κB and Its Role in GVHD -Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is the major complication of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and is a mainly responsible result for the non-recurrence-related mortality of long-term survived patient after transplantation. Studies indicated that regulatory T (Treg) cells can inhibit early-GVHD. Since the transcriptional factor NF-κB has been implicated in the regulation of Treg cell proliferation and activation, it becomes a potential target of GVHD therapy. Thus, in this review the function and signaling pathway of NF-κB, as well as the relationship between GVHD and NF-κB, are discussed and summarized.

The protective effect and underlying mechanism of Hainan papaya water extract against neuronal apoptosis induced by Aβ40

Objective To investigate whether Hainan papayas has protective effects in an Aβ40-induced primary neuron injury model and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Cultured primary neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 20 μM Aβ40 peptide, 100 μg/L Hainan papaya water extract, peptide plus extract, or culture medium for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by DAPI staining. ERK signaling pathway-associated molecule activation and changes in Bax expression were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results A cell viability rate of (44.11 ± 6.59)% in the Aβ40 group was rescued to (79.13 ± 6.64)% by adding different concentrations of the extract. DAPI showed pyknotic nuclei in 39.5% of Aβ40-treated cells; the fraction dropped to 17.4% in the 100 μg/L extract group. ERK phosphorylation was observed in the Aβ40 group but was ameliorated by pretreatment with 100 μg/L extract. Hainan papaya water extract also prevented Aβ40-induced phosphorylation of MEK, RSK1 and CREB associated with ERK signaling and downregulated Bax expression in the neurons. Conclusion The results suggest that Hainan papaya water extract has protective effects on neurons; the mechanism may be related to suppression of ERK signaling activation.

The protective effect and underlying mechanism of Hainan papaya water extract against neuronal apoptosis induced by Aβ40

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether Hainan papayas has protective effects in an Aβ40-induced primary neuron injury model and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#Cultured primary neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 20 μM Aβ40 peptide, 100 μg/L Hainan papaya water extract, peptide plus extract, or culture medium for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by DAPI staining. ERK signaling pathway-associated molecule activation and changes in Bax expression were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.@*RESULTS@#A cell viability rate of (44.11 ± 6.59)% in the Aβ40 group was rescued to (79.13 ± 6.64)% by adding different concentrations of the extract. DAPI showed pyknotic nuclei in 39.5% of Aβ40-treated cells; the fraction dropped to 17.4% in the 100 μg/L extract group. ERK phosphorylation was observed in the Aβ40 group but was ameliorated by pretreatment with 100 μg/L extract. Hainan papaya water extract also prevented Aβ40-induced phosphorylation of MEK, RSK1 and CREB associated with ERK signaling and downregulated Bax expression in the neurons.@*CONCLUSION@#The results suggest that Hainan papaya water extract has protective effects on neurons; the mechanism may be related to suppression of ERK signaling activation.

Effect of Ikaros in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

The Ikaros - a DNA-binding zinc finger protein, acting as a regulator of chromatin remodeling and gene transcription, is crucial for regulating the development and function of the immune system and acting as a master regulator of hematopoietic differentiation. Function-loss mutations of IKZF1, gene encoding Ikaros are frequent in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and are associated with a poor prognosis. This review briefly summarizes the available data regarding the structure and function of Ikaros, the role of Ikaros as a tumor suppressor in B-ALL, and its regulation mechanism.

Metaanalysis of impact of asthma education on asthma control / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate systematically the impact of asthma education on asthma control. METHODS: To search Medline, Embase, CBMdisc, CNKI and Vip. The quality of included studies such as randomization, blinding and allocation concealment was evaluated and Metaanalysis was performed by RevMan 5.1 software. RESULTS: Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. As education group was compared with control group, the Metaanalysis indicated that the asthma knowledge, day lost from work or study, ED attendence and the quality of life of education group was better than that of control group. But there were statistical difference in the asthma knowledge, day lost from work or study and the quality of life between education group and control group. CONCLUSION: According to the Metaanalysis's result, education is helpful to achieve good asthma control. It should be necessary to do high quality and large sample randomized controlled trials on health education of asthma, so that further stratified the analyses of asthma education can be carry out.

srGAP3 promotes neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons by inactivating RAC1

OBJECTIVE@#To explore effect of srGAP3 promotes neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons.@*METHODS@#In this study, expression of Slit1 was observed predominantly in the glia, while expression of Robo2 and srGAP3 was detected in sensory neurons of postnatal rat cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Furthermore, upregulation of srGAP3 following sciatic nerve transection was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#It was observed that inhibition of neurite outgrowth in cultured adult DRG neurons following treatment with anti-srGAP3 or anti-Robo2 was more effectively (1.5-fold higher) than that following treatment with an anti-BDNF positive control antibody. It demonstrated that srGAP3 interacted with Robo2 and Slit1 protein to decrease Rac1-GTP activity in cultured adult rat DRG neurons and the opposite effect on Rac1-GTP activity was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analyses following treatment with anti-Robo2 or anti-srGAP3. These data demonstrated a role for srGAP3 in neurite outgrowth of DRG sensory neurons.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our observations suggest that srGAP3 promotes neurite outgrowth and filopodial growth cones by interacting with Robo2 to inactivate Rac1 in mammalian DRG neurons.

Association of 5-HTTLPR, DRD4 gene polymorphisms with the accident tendentiousness of drivers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between 5-HTTLPR and/or DRD4 gene polymorphisms and the accident tendentiousness of drivers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study, including 42 patients and 46 controls, were performed using type-A behavior questionnaire and EPQ scale. 5-HTTLPR and DRD4 gene -521 C/T were detected by the PCR-RFLP technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The scores of type-A behavior questionnaires, such as TH and TH + CH in exposure group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). P and N scores of EPQ questionnaires in exposure group were significantly higher than those in control group, and L score in exposure group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There were significant differences in the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of 5-HTTLPR gene between the cases and the controls (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of DRD4 gene between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the drivers with the accident tendentiousness, P scores in the cases with homozygous genotypes of the S/S in 5-HTTLPR gene were significantly higher than those in the cases with the genotypes of S/L and L/L in 5-HTTLPR gene (P > 0.05). E scores in subjects with homozygous genotypes of the T/T in DRD4 gene were significantly higher than those in subjects with genotypes of the T/C+C/C in DRD4 gene (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The driver accident tendentiousness may be associated with 5-HTTLPR gene, but not associated with DRD4 gene. The two genes are associated with the type-A behavior and personality characteristics of drivers with accident tendentiousness. However, 5-HTTLPR and DRD4 gene may not have synergism in these behaviors and personality.</p>