Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy for congenital glaucoma secondary to Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome: A case report.

Purpose: To describe the case of a 9-year-old boy with congenital glaucoma secondary to Klippel - Trenaunay - Weber Syndrome (KTW) with a history of trabeculotomy in both eyes (BE) and further trabeculectomy in the left eye (LE) presented with high intraocular pressure (IOP) and progression in the LE despite maximum tolerated medical therapy. Observations: GATT surgery was performed firstly in the LE, followed by the right eye (RE) two months apart since the IOP in the RE started to increase later on. First post-operative day the IOP was under 15 mmHg. In the last visit, 6 months after the first surgery, IOPs were 10 and 11 mmHg RE and LE, on one fixed combination; slit lamp examinations were normal with wide open angles and a good view of the Schlemm's Canal (SC) posterior wall. Conclusions and Importance: GATT surgery can be done after failed incisional surgery in children with glaucoma secondary to KTW syndrome.

Congenital Tarsal Kink Syndrome: Literature Review and Case Report.

BACKGROUND: The congenital tarsal kink syndrome is a rare form of congenital upper eyelid entropion associated with cardiovascular, musculoskeletal or central nervous system disorders. This syndrome must be recognized and surgically treated as a perinatal emergency to avoid associated complications-corneal ulcer, corneal leucoma, secondary amblyopia and decreased vision among children. METHODS: A literature review was conducted to clarify the diagnosis particularities and the corrective surgery options of the congenital entropion on the upper eyelid. RESULTS: Four relevant studies were found by researching the Web of Science and PubMed databases up to November 2021 for "congenital tarsal kink syndrome" and "congenital upper eyelid entropion". CONCLUSIONS: In this paper, we present a case of congenital unilateral entropion of the upper left eyelid in the context of a tarsal kink syndrome in a one-month old infant, manifested by the absence of eyelashes on the upper eyelid of the left eye, hyperlacrimation and conjunctival hyperemia. Essential in managing the upper eyelid entropion is protecting the cornea. Furthermore, correcting a tarsal kink is eminently surgical, choosing between open or closed procedures. Herein, we address the difficulty in the timely diagnosis of this uncommon condition and make formal recommendations based on all reported cases.