ABSTRACT
The curcumin niosomes were prepared and evaluated. The film dispersion method was applied, the formulation was optimized by single factor experiment and central composite design. The optimum formulation was as follows: the ratio of Span80 to cholesterol was 4.2:1, the ratio of cholesterol to curcumin was 5:1, PBS volume was 20.9 mL, hydration speed was 381 r/min, hydration time was 1.5 h, temperature was 50oC. The encapsulation efficiency of curcumin niosomes was 88.5%, average particle size was 162 nm, the Zeta potential was (-28.9±2.7) mV and the shape was regular. In intro, the niosomes exhibited good delayed release characteristics, and the drug release was in accordance with Ritger-peppas model. In vivo, the mean retention time (MRT(0-t)) of curcumin niosomes (6.604±0.209 h) was significantly extended than that of the curcumin suspensions (2.498±0.016 h); the AUC(0-t) of niosomes (2074.989±146.690 ng·mL-1·h) was significantly larger than that of the suspensions (803.475±23.335 ng·mL-1·h), the relative bioavailability was 258.25%. The study showed a great potential of curcumin niosomes as a good formulation with improved oral absorption.
Subject(s)
Curcumin , Liposomes , Suspensions , Drug Liberation , Cholesterol , Particle SizeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate the treatment plan for az treonam-resistant metallo- β-lactamase（MBL）-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. METHODS The clinical data of aztreonam-resistant MBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae caused intra-abdominal infection of an infant after liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Abdominal infection occurred after operation. The pathogenic bacterium was MBL-producing K. pneumoniae . The drug sensitivity results showed that the infant was resistant to aztreonam. Based on the results of sensitivity test ，polymyxin B combined with tigecycline were selected as initial regimen. The treatment effect was poor ，with recurrent disease and shock spots. The clinical pharmacist assisted the clinician to formulate treatment regimen of ceftazidime avibactam 0.5 g，q8 h combined with aztreonam 0.18 g，q6 h. Relevant domestic and foreign literature were reviewed ，and the treatment plan of MBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection after solid organ transplantation was summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The infant was finally cured and discharged with ceftazidime avibatan combined and aztreonam. Several foreign literature reported that ceftazidime avibactam combined with aztreonam could effectively treat the infection caused by aztreonam-resistant MBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection in patients with organ transplantation. It is expected to be an effective treatment for aztreonam-resistant MBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients.
