ABSTRACT
Introduction: Ethiopia has a huge poultry population that plays a role in rural development. However, feed shortage is a major problem. Vitamin supplementation in feed formulation is crucial to improve the productivity of poultry. The objective of this study was to evaluate extra doses of vitamin supplements in quality egg production. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on Sasso Ruby T chickens aged 22 weeks. The experimental and control groups each contained 60 hens. For the study group, extra doses of vitamins were added to the drinking water. Weekly observation was carried out for 3 months for a total of 12 observations. The effect of extra doses of vitamins on layers in terms of mortality, egg production, egg size, egg-specific gravity, and eggshell thickness was analyzed using SPSS 20 with t-tests. Results: Significant changes were observed for mortality (P<0.05), with mean mortality of 0.25±0.45 and 0.66±0.65 and general mortality of 5% and 13% in the study and control groups, respectively. Average egg production per week in the study group (279.5±3.80) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control group (256±4.81). However, no significant difference (P>0.05) was found for egg size between the groups: study group 59.99±0.92 g and control group 59.34±0.95 g. There was no significant variation (P>0.05) in average egg-specific gravity: study group 1.068±5.33×10-3 and control group 1.061±5.33×10-3. Average eggshell thickness was significantly greater (P<0.05) in the study group(0.36±0.048 mm) than the control group (0.32±0.04 mm). Conclusion: We identified that extra vitamin supplements for layer chickens is very important to increase profitability in the poultry industry by decreasing mortality and increasing egg production.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter Pylori is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease with disputable association with perorated Peptic Ulcer disease (PPD). This study aims to determine magnitude of Helicobacter Pylori in PPD and the outcomes of treatment, at Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC). METHOD: Between January 9, 2013 and February 7, 2018, all patients operated for PPD were recruited retrospectively. Data was extracted from patient's medical records using pretested questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. RESULT: During the 5 years, 46 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study. H. Pylori test was positive for stool antigen in 10 (21.7%) and serology eleven (23.9 %) of patients. Overall, nineteen (41.3%) of patients had positive result regardless of the type of test used. Out of 46 patients, twenty-six (56.5%) patients were given eradication therapy and thirty-four (73.9%) patients were given PPI alone or as a part of eradication therapy. During their hospital stay, five (10.9%) patients developed deep and superficial surgical site infection and two (4.3%) of patients have died. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H. Pylori among PPD patients in this study is lower compared to most studies. Further prospective studies should be conducted in the future to understand association with H. Pylori and provide recommendations on eradication treatment.
