ABSTRACT
This article presents a brief history of normal-pressure hydrocephalus, its clinical presentation, and different theories on its pathophysiology. The different diagnostic tests, differential diagnosis, and its treatment are presented.
Subject(s)
Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/diagnosis , Brain/physiopathology , Cerebral Ventricles/physiopathology , Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure/physiology , Diagnostic Imaging , Humans , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/pathology , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/physiopathology , Neurologic Examination , Prognosis , Ventriculoperitoneal ShuntABSTRACT
We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with acute transverse myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine demonstrated increased signal intensity and diffuse edema in the cervical cord. The patient had low titer of IgG antiphospholipid antibodies and hypocomplementemia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed pleocytosis, increased protein and decreased glucose. Clinical improvement of the neurologic impairment was noted after high dose corticosteroids and intravenous bolus cyclophosphamide. A repeat MRI 12 days after the treatment was normal. MRI of the spine can be useful in the diagnosis and followup of patients with SLE presenting with an acute myelopathic syndrome. Early aggressive treatment may contribute to complete recovery of these patients.
Subject(s)
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Myelitis, Transverse/etiology , Myelitis/etiology , Adolescent , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Myelitis, Transverse/diagnosis , Myelitis, Transverse/drug therapy , Spinal Cord/pathologySubject(s)
Pregnancy , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/immunology , Adult , Antibodies/analysis , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Clomiphene/administration & dosage , Infertility, Female/drug therapy , Ovulation , Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology , Adult , Amenorrhea/drug therapy , Body Temperature , Clomiphene/pharmacology , Clomiphene/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Infertility, Female/physiopathology , Ovulation/drug effects , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Ectopic/epidemiology , Pregnancy, Multiple , TwinsABSTRACT
A single injection of hexoestrol, 45 mg., is effective in suppressing lactation. Given in this way hexoestrol causes a small rise in plasma factor IX levels, of shorter duration than that produced by a customary and equally effective oral course of stilboestrol. With hexoestrol the plasma factor IX levels reverted to normal by the sixth day of the puerperium.
