ABSTRACT
Contrast medium extravasation at computed tomography (CT) is an accurate indicator of active haemorrhage in pelvic trauma. When this is present, potentially lifesaving surgical or endovascular treatment should be considered. Identification of the site or territory of haemorrhage is helpful for the interventional radiologist as it allows for focused angiographic evaluation and expedites haemostatic angio-embolisation. Even with thin-section arterial phase CT, tracing the bleeding vessel is not always possible and is often time consuming. We introduce a technique for predicting the bleeding vessel based on knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomical territory of the vessel as an alternative to tracing the vessel's course. Several case examples with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) correlation will be provided.
Subject(s)
Angiography, Digital Subtraction , Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging , Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Pelvis/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Wounds and Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Arteries/pathology , Contrast Media , Decision Making , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Emergencies , Female , Fractures, Bone/etiology , Fractures, Bone/therapy , Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemorrhage/surgery , Humans , Male , Pelvis/blood supply , Pelvis/injuries , Wounds and Injuries/complicationsABSTRACT
This article will review the uncommon locations and morphological features of meningiomas, which are important to recognize in order to avoid misdiagnosis. Uncommon locations will be demonstrated at the cerebellopontine angle, pineal, optic, intraventricular, and intradiploic regions. Unusual imaging features including cysts, metaplastic changes, and peritumoural oedema will also be discussed.
