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1.
J Patient Cent Res Rev ; 8(2): 107-112, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33898642

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine if standardized updates at specific perioperative events affect anxiety and satisfaction of the family members and if the length of surgical procedure affects the satisfaction with updates. METHODS: This study was a randomized control trial. In the control group, surgeons communicated with the family only once near the completion of the procedure. In the intervention group, families received electronic updates at 3 significant perioperative events during the procedure. A postoperative survey rating family member satisfaction and anxiety levels, using a Likert scale of 0-5, was administered. RESULTS: Mean level of overall satisfaction did not differ between groups (intervention: 4.68 ± 0.69 [95% CI: 4.50, 4.87]; control: 4.61 ± 0.78 [95% CI: 4.40, 4.82]; P=0.69). Mean anxiety levels were lower in the intervention group (2.48 ± 1.43 [2.10, 2.86]) than in the control group (3.12 ± 1.32 [2.77, 3.47]; P=0.01). Mean satisfaction with perioperative updates was higher in the intervention (4.48 ± 0.83 [4.26, 4.70]) versus control group (3.16 ± 1.89 [2.67, 3.65]; P=0.0001). For all subjects, there was positive correlation between procedure time and anxiety (Spearman's rho: 0.34; P=0.0002) and negative correlation between procedure time and overall satisfaction (Spearman's rho: -0.23; P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and satisfaction with perioperative updates were significantly improved by additional perioperative updates. These findings indicate that updating families during significant standardized strategic perioperative events can reduce the anxiety of loved ones and are preferred by most families.

2.
J Arthroplasty ; 36(1): 102-106.e5, 2021 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32863075

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In 2013, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) published an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) on conservative treatment options for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a poster outlining the AAOS knee OA CPG on patient comprehension and satisfaction in the clinic. METHODS: This is a prospective 2-armed randomized controlled trial. Patients were eligible if they were of age 40-85 years, had degenerative knee OA, and did not consent for surgery. Patients were randomized to nonposter (standard care) and poster rooms. Knee OA treatment options were described to the patient verbally and posters were used as a teaching tool when present. The main outcomes were comprehension and satisfaction scores on a survey. RESULTS: Of the 105 patients enrolled, 51 (48.6%) were randomized to usual care (control) and 54 (51.4%) to the intervention (poster). Poster patients outperformed control patients with an average of 55.3% ± 16.7% (mean ± SD) compared to 39.5% ± 13.3% correct answers (P < .001). And 66.7% of poster patients and 29.4% of control patients achieved an adequately informed status of >50% correct answers (P < .001; 50.5% overall). With a maximum possible score of 10, visit satisfaction scores were 9.4 ± 1.0 in poster patients and 9.2 ± 1.7 in control patients (P = .50). CONCLUSION: Patients educated using an AAOS knee CPG poster showed significant improvements in knowledge and were more likely to achieve an adequately informed status. No difference existed in visit satisfaction. A poster offers a low-cost, effective educational tool. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 1.


Subject(s)
Orthopedic Surgeons , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Middle Aged , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery , Patient Education as Topic , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , United States
3.
J Arthroplasty ; 35(2): 465-470, 2020 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31629624

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The influence of total hip arthroplasty surgical approach on postoperative recovery is not well understood and often debated. This study compares anterior and posterior approach (PA) gait and patient-reported Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome scores (HOOS) in the early phases of recovery. METHODS: A prospective study evaluated 20 control subjects, 35 direct anterior approach (DAA), and 34 PA total hip arthroplasty patients. Subjects were assessed preoperatively and at 1 and 4 months postoperatively with HOOS and smartphone gait assessments of gait speed, step length, cadence, step symmetry, and horizontal and vertical center of mass displacements. RESULTS: The DAA and PA groups were not different in baseline HOOS or gait characteristics except for less horizontal center of mass displacement in the DAA group. At 1 month postoperatively, the DAA group had significantly faster gait speed at self-selected (P = .02) and fastest possible gait (P = .01) and longer step length at self-selected (P = .047) and fastest gait (P = .003) compared to the PA. At 4 months, there were no differences in DAA and PA gait measures. At 1 month postoperatively there were no significant differences in HOOS, but after 4 months HOOS were significantly higher in the DAA group. CONCLUSION: There were minimal differences between the two approaches in the recovery of gait mechanics with some gait parameters particularly gait speed and step length recovery favoring the DAA at 1 month postsurgery in this nonrandomized study.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Accelerometry , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects , Gait , Humans , Prospective Studies , Recovery of Function , Smartphone , Treatment Outcome
6.
Arthroplast Today ; 4(1): 113-117, 2018 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29560405

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Following total knee and hip arthroplasty, patient progress can be assessed with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and performance-based outcome measures (PBOMs). The American Joint Replacement Registry 2016 guide recommends collecting several measures, including Patient Reported Outcome Measure Information System Global, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Jr, and Hip Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Jr. This study aimed to assess the current and anticipated use of PROMs and PBOMs by New England physical therapists. METHODS: An online survey was conducted in July and August of 2015 asking physical therapists in New England to rate their current and anticipated future use of PROMs and PBOMs in terms of clinical decision making associated with the treatment and care of patients after total hip and knee replacement. RESULTS: There were 122 responses. The most often used and recommended PROMS were the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (99.2% and 97.5%, respectively) and Lower Extremity Function Scale (76.2% and 77.0%). There was significant variability in the use of different PBOMs, but the most often used and recommended were the Timed Up and Go (93.4% and 85.2%) and the Single Leg Balance Test (90.2% and 87.7%). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that orthopaedic surgeons and physical therapists use different PROMs and PBOMs for postoperative assessment of total joint patients and highlights the need for more collaboration and consistency between these disciplines.

7.
J Arthroplasty ; 33(7): 2025-2030, 2018 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29275113

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: For Medicare beneficiaries, hospital reimbursement for nonrevision hip arthroplasty is anchored to either diagnosis-related group code 469 or 470. Under alternative payment models, reimbursement for care episodes is not further risk-adjusted. This study's purpose was to compare outcomes of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) vs conversion THA to explore the rationale for risk adjustment for conversion procedures. METHODS: All primary and conversion THAs from 2007 to 2014, excluding acute hip fractures and cancer patients, were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Conversion and primary THA patients were matched 1:1 using propensity scores, based on preoperative covariates. Multivariable logistic regressions evaluated associations between conversion THA and 30-day outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 2018 conversions were matched to 2018 primaries. There were no differences in preoperative covariates. Conversions had longer operative times (148 vs 95 minutes, P < .001), more transfusions (37% vs 17%, P < .001), and longer length of stay (4.4 vs 3.1 days, P < .001). Conversion THA had increased odds of complications (odds ratio [OR] 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37-2.24), deep infection (OR 4.21; 95% CI 1.72-10.28), discharge to inpatient care (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.34-1.72), and death (OR 2.39; 95% CI 1.04-5.47). Readmission odds were similar. CONCLUSION: Compared with primary THA, conversion THA is associated with more complications, longer length of stay, and increased discharge to continued inpatient care, implying greater resource utilization for conversion patients. As reimbursement models shift toward bundled payment paradigms, conversion THA appears to be a procedure for which risk adjustment is appropriate.


Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/economics , Hip Fractures/surgery , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Propensity Score , Risk Assessment , Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/statistics & numerical data , Blood Transfusion , Diagnosis-Related Groups , Episode of Care , Female , Health Expenditures , Hip Fractures/economics , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Medicare , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Operative Time , Patient Discharge , Quality Improvement , Reimbursement Mechanisms , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Societies, Medical , Surgeons , United States
8.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 99(14): e78, 2017 Jul 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28719565

ABSTRACT

Burnout, depression, suicidal ideation, and dissatisfaction with work-life balance have been reported in all medical specialties and at all stages of medical education and practice experience. Burnout consists of progressive emotional, attitudinal, and physical exhaustion. Physicians with burnout may treat patients as objects and feel emotionally depleted. Burnout is characterized by a loss of enthusiasm for work (emotional exhaustion), feelings of cynicism (depersonalization), and a low sense of personal accomplishment. The most complete study of emotional burnout among different medical specialties demonstrated that orthopaedic surgery is one of the specialties with the highest burnout rate. Qualitative descriptive studies are available. There was a 45.8% burnout rate among physicians in the U.S. in 2012, and a 2014 update suggested even higher rates. Burnout has a correlation with medical education. Burnout rates are similar to those in the general population when medical students enter school, and increase steadily through medical education prior to residency. Burnout rates in residents are high, reported to be between 41% and 74% across multiple specialties. This impacts our young physician workforce in orthopaedics. The purpose of this review is to provide the available information that characterizes burnout and addresses the issues inherent to preventing burnout, and to build awareness in orthopaedic surgeons. Wellness "goes beyond merely the absence of distress and includes being challenged, thriving, and achieving success in various aspects of personal and professional life." The challenge for the orthopaedic community is to develop interventions and strategies that are personalized to the individuals in this specialty.


Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/etiology , Orthopedic Surgeons/psychology , Burnout, Professional/prevention & control , Career Choice , Health Education , Humans , Internship and Residency , Job Satisfaction , Physician Impairment/psychology , Students, Medical/psychology
9.
Clin Orthop Relat Res ; 475(2): 353-360, 2017 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27154530

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hip fractures are a major public health concern. For displaced femoral neck fractures, the needs for medical services during hospitalization and extending beyond hospital discharge after total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be different than the needs after THA performed for osteoarthritis (OA), yet these differences are largely uncharacterized, and the Medicare Severity Diagnosis-Related Groups system does not distinguish between THA performed for fracture and OA. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: (1) What are the differences in in-hospital and 30-day postoperative clinical outcomes for THA performed for femoral neck fracture versus OA? (2) Is a patient's fracture status, that is whether or not a patient has a femoral neck fracture, associated with differences in in-hospital and 30-day postoperative clinical outcomes after THA? METHODS: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database, which contains outcomes for surgical patients up to 30 days after discharge, was used to identify patients undergoing THA for OA and femoral neck fracture. OA and fracture cohorts were matched one-to-one using propensity scores based on age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, and medical comorbidities. Propensity scores represented the conditional probabilities for each patient having a femoral neck fracture based on their individual characteristics, excluding their actual fracture status. Outcomes of interest included operative time, length of stay (LOS), complications, transfusion, discharge destination, and readmission. There were 42,692 patients identified (41,739 OA; 953 femoral neck fractures) with 953 patients in each group for the matched analysis. RESULTS: For patients with fracture, operative times were slightly longer (98 versus 92 minutes, p = 0.015), they experienced longer LOS (6 versus 4 days, p < 0.001), and the overall frequency of complications was greater compared with patients with OA (16% versus 6%, p < 0.001). Although the frequency of preoperative transfusions was higher in the fracture group (2.0% versus 0.2%, p = 0.002), the frequency of postoperative transfusion was not different between groups (27% versus 24%, p = 0.157). Having a femoral neck fracture versus OA was strongly associated with any postoperative complication (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1-3.8]; p < 0.001), unplanned readmission (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.2; p = 0.049), and discharge to an inpatient facility (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.4-2.0; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with THA for OA, THA for femoral neck fracture is associated with greater rates of complications, longer LOS, more likely discharge to continued inpatient care, and higher rates of unplanned readmission. This implies higher resource utilization for patients with a fracture. These differences exist despite matching of other preoperative risk factors. As healthcare reimbursement moves toward bundled payment models, it would seem important to differentiate patients and procedures based on the resource utilization they represent to healthcare systems. These results show different expected resource utilization in these two fundamentally different groups of patients undergoing hip arthroplasty, suggesting a need to modify healthcare policy to maintain access to THA for all patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study.


Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/classification , Awards and Prizes , Diagnosis-Related Groups , Femoral Neck Fractures/surgery , Hip Joint/surgery , Osteoarthritis, Hip/surgery , Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/economics , Blood Transfusion , Chi-Square Distribution , Databases, Factual , Female , Femoral Neck Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Femoral Neck Fractures/economics , Femoral Neck Fractures/physiopathology , Health Care Costs , Health Resources/economics , Hip Joint/diagnostic imaging , Hip Joint/physiopathology , Humans , Length of Stay , Logistic Models , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Operative Time , Osteoarthritis, Hip/diagnostic imaging , Osteoarthritis, Hip/economics , Osteoarthritis, Hip/physiopathology , Patient Discharge , Patient Readmission , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Propensity Score , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , United States
10.
Instr Course Lect ; 64: 3-9, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25745890

ABSTRACT

There is an overall lack of training in the communication skills needed by physicians to effectively navigate challenging patient encounters. So-called difficult patients have specific obstructive behaviors that make it challenging to establish a successful doctor-patient partnership and can elicit strong negative emotions in the physician. Instead of labeling the patient as difficult, it is more useful to consider encounters as difficult events and rely on diagnostic and interventional techniques similar to those used in solving any other clinical problem. In difficult interactions, patients may have the perception that the physician is less technically skilled, they were allotted inadequate time, received poor explanations, and were overall dissatisfied with the visit. Physicians who experience difficult encounters may find it difficult to communicate with patients. The physician is often not attuned to the psychosocial aspects of patient care and is frustrated and uneasy with patients. To improve patient and physician satisfaction and healthcare outcomes, it is helpful to review the skills and strategies for delivering bad news, managing angry patients, addressing financial concerns, and dealing with drug-seeking patients.


Subject(s)
Communication , Orthopedics , Patient Satisfaction , Physician-Patient Relations/ethics , Humans
11.
J Arthroplasty ; 30(6): 923-30, 2015 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25707995

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic attributes of private practice adult reconstruction (AR) offices. 458 AAHKS surgeons responded; 65% were in private practice (fee-for-service, non-salaried, non-employed AR surgeons). 54% had considered hospital employment in the past two years. The average group employs 13.4 orthopedic surgeons (3.4 AR), and 105 other employees. The average total budget is $12.5 million per year with $4 million in salaries, and $238,000 in tax revenue generated. Co-management joint ventures are a better model than hospital employment for aligning AR surgeons and hospitals and realizing the cost effectiveness and quality improvement goals of PPACA and AARA while preserving the economic impact of AR private practice.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/economics , Hospital-Physician Joint Ventures/economics , Medical Staff, Hospital/economics , Orthopedic Procedures/economics , Orthopedics/economics , Private Practice/economics , Adult , Arthroplasty, Replacement/economics , Employment/economics , Health Care Reform/economics , Health Care Surveys , Humans , Physicians/economics , Physicians' Offices/economics , Plastic Surgery Procedures/economics , Surveys and Questionnaires , United States
12.
J Arthroplasty ; 28(9): 1459-62, 2013 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23796555

ABSTRACT

Documentation of medical necessity for arthroplasty has come under scrutiny by Medicare. In some jurisdictions three months of physical therapy prior to arthroplasty has been mandated. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and cost of this policy to treat advanced osteoarthritis. A systematic review was performed to assimilate efficacy data for physical therapy in patients with advanced osteoarthritis. The number of arthroplasties performed annually was obtained to calculate cost. Evidence-based studies documenting the efficacy of physical therapy in treating advanced arthritis are lacking with a potential cost of 36-68 million dollars. Physical therapy mandates by administrative contractors are not only ineffective but are costly without patient benefit. Medical necessity documentation should be driven by orthopedists not retroactively by Medicare contractors.


Subject(s)
Medicare/standards , Osteoarthritis/therapy , Physical Therapy Modalities/standards , Adult , Aged , Arthroplasty , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Humans , Medicare/organization & administration , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment , United States
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