ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Research with psychopathic samples using the technique of evoked potentials is rather limited and almost exclusively concerned with the study of the P300 component; no studies have been found (to date) that assess shorter wave latencies. This research focuses on the emotional and attentional processes in young people with psychopathic characteristics, using the evoked potential technique in short-wave latency (N100). METHOD: The experimental group consisted of 22 subjects; all of them met the psychopathic criteria of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) and the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL: YV). The control sample consisted of 25 subjects, all of them scoring less than 15 points in APSD. RESULTS: In the experimental group, the mechanisms responsible for processing the pleasant stimulation responded earlier and with more intensity (on the N100); premium positivity bias on negativity. CONCLUSIONS: This emotional deficit found in the literature on psychopathy in adults is also found in young people.
Subject(s)
Antisocial Personality Disorder/physiopathology , Emotions/physiology , Evoked Potentials , Adolescent , Arousal/physiology , Attention/physiology , Electroencephalography , Evoked Potentials/physiology , Humans , Interview, Psychological , Male , Models, Psychological , Pleasure/physiology , Prisoners/psychology , Psychological Tests , Reaction Time , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Research with psychopathic samples using the technique of evoked potentials is rather limited and almost exclusively concerned with the study of the P300 component; no studies have been found (to date) that assess shorter wave latencies. This research focuses on the emotional and attentional processes in young people with psychopathic characteristics, using the evoked potential technique in short-wave latency (N100). METHOD: The experimental group consisted of 22 subjects; all of them met the psychopathic criteria of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) and the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL: YV). The control sample consisted of 25 subjects, all of them scoring less than 15 points in APSD. RESULTS: In the experimental group, the mechanisms responsible for processing the pleasant stimulation responded earlier and with more intensity (on the N100); premium positivity bias on negativity. CONCLUSIONS: This emotional deficit found in the literature on psychopathy in adults is also found in young people
ANTECEDENTES: en el campo de la psicopatía muy pocos estudios se han centrado en usar la técnica de potenciales evocados, y los pocos que hay han estudiado casi exclusivamente el componente P300, no encontrándose casi estudios sobre ondas de latencia corta. Este artículo estudia los procesos emocionales y atencionales presentes en jóvenes con características psicopáticas, utilizando la técnica de potenciales evocados en ondas de latencia corta ((N100). MÉTODO: el grupo experimental estuvo formado por 22 varones, todos ellos cumpliendo los criterios del Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) y de la Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL: YV). El grupo control estaba formado por 25 varones con puntuaciones inferiores a 15 puntos en el APSD. RESULTADOS: el grupo experimental respondió más pronto y con más intensidad (en la N100) ante la estimulación placentera, primando el sesgo de la negatividad. CONCLUSIONES: se observa en jóvenes el mismo déficit emocional que se encuentra en la psicopatía adulta
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Neurophysiology/methods , Neurophysiology/statistics & numerical data , Psychology, Experimental/methods , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Psychology, Adolescent/trends , Latency Period, Psychological , Psychology, Developmental/methods , Psychology, Developmental/trends , Life Change Events , Antisocial Personality Disorder/epidemiology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Evoked Potentials/physiologyABSTRACT
El trabajo tiene dos objetivos: en primer lugar, aumentar el conocimiento sobre la psicopatía subclínica estudiando su relación con los otros dos componentes de la triada oscura de la personalidad para arrojar más datos al debate sobre qué elemento (si el narcisismo o el maquiavelismo) está más relacionado con la psicopatía. Además, se estudia el funcionamiento del Autoinforme de psicopatía (Self-Report Psychopathy III, SRP-III; Paulhus, Hemphill y Hare, en prensa) como medida de psicopatía para población no carcelaria, comparando las puntuaciones obtenidas con los datos normativos. La muestra está formada por 512 universitarios españoles. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el SRP-III, el Inventario de personalidad narcisista (Narcissistic Personality Inventory, NPI; Raskin y Hall, 1981) y la Escala de maquiavelismo (Mach-IV; Christie y Geis, 1970). Los resultados indican que, respecto a la relación entre los componentes de la triada oscura de la personalidad, el maquiavelismo está más relacionado con la psicopatía subclínica. Por último, el funcionamiento del SRP-III en la muestra de estudio es similar a la muestra normativa (AU)
The aim of this work was to obtain the best cut-off point for the International Personality Disorder Examination Questionnaire (IPDEQ), DSM-IV Module. The sample involved 50 smokers who required treatment to stop smoking and whose screening was positive for at least one personality disorder (PD). They were subsequently evaluated by means of the full IPDE interview. The most appropriate cut-off points for antisocial and paranoid PD in these individuals were three and four positive criteria, respectively, whereas no conclusive results were forthcoming for all the other PDs. The kappa coefficient also shows good inter-evaluator reliability. The cut-off for three or more items is inadequate, as it significantly overestimates the presence of a PD. We conclude that the IPDEQ is useful for quickly determining the possible presence or absence of a PD, provided the cut-off point is raised until it is consistent with the diagnostic criteria proposed by the DSM-IV for each PD
