A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of one nano-hybrid and one high-viscosity bulk-fill composite restorative systems in class II cavities: 12 months results.

BACKGROUND: Recently, manufacturers have introduced bulk-fill composite resins that reportedly can be placed in increments of 4 mm or greater. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article was to report the results of 12 months prospective randomized clinical trial that evaluated the clinical performance of one high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin in Class II cavities of posterior teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-four participantshad at least two Class II cavities included the study. Class II cavities restored with either a Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fi fill or universal nano-hybrid resin composite (Tetric EvoCeram). A total of 74 restorations (37 with each material) on 34 patients were placed according to the manufacturers' instructions by one calibrated operator. RESULTS: Seventy restorations were evaluated after 12 months evaluation period. No postoperative sensitivity, anatomic form, retention, and secondary caries were observed after 6 and 12 months. Regarding the items color match, marginal discoloration, and marginal adaptation, the statistical analysis did not detect any statistical significance between two materials (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: After 12 months of clinical service, all restorations evaluated for both materials were classified as ideal, receiving predominantly Alfa scores for all parameters analyzed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study presents that high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites (RCs) perform just as well as nano-hybrid RCs with the 2 mm RC layering technique, therefore could be alternative to conventional nano-hybrid RCs.

Radiographic evaluation of the prevalence of enamel pearls in a sample adult dental population.

AIM: Enamel pearls are a tooth anomaly that can act as contributing factors in the development of periodontal disease. Studies that have addressed the prevalence of enamel pearls in populations were scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enamel pearls in the permanent dentition of Turkish dental patients by means of panoramic radiographs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Panoramic radiographs of 6912 patients were examined for the presence of enamel pearls. All data (age, sex and systemic disease or syndrome) were obtained from the patient files and analyzed for enamel pearls. Descriptive characteristics of sexes, jaws, and dental localization were recorded. The Pearson chi-squared test was used. RESULTS: Enamel pearls were detected in 5.1% of subjects and 0.85% of the teeth examined. Prevalence of enamel pearls was higher in males (6.58%) compared to females (3.96%). The mandibular first was the most commonly affected tooth. Enamel pearls were significantly more common in the mandibula compared with the maxilla (81.2% cf 18.8% respectively, p = 0.000). No statistically significant differences were found between the right-side and left-side occurrences. CONCLUSIONS: With the prevalence of 5.1% among the Turkish population, every possible effort should be made for locating of this anomaly especially in molars because it might be useful for prevention periodontal problems.

Investigation of prevalence and characteristics of mesiodens in a non-syndromic 11256 dental outpatients.

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of mesiodens in a sample of Turkish dental patients and their distribution among genders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiography of 11256 patients, who ranged in age from 15 to 55 years old. All data (age, sex and or syndrome) were obtained from the patient files and analyzed for mesiodens. Statistical evaluation of the presence of mesiodens related to gender was performed by the Pearson chi-squared test. RESULTS: Mesiodens was detected in 15 subjects (0.13%). The prevalence of mesiodens for females and males was 0.20% and 0.057%, respectively (p = 0.037). The most commonly observed mesiodens was maxillary canine-like type (60%). Most of the mesiodens (67%) were found in the vertical position, followed by horizontal position (33%). The age and sex distribution, number of mesiodens per patient, shape, direction, size, and effect on permanent maxillary incisors are also presented in this study. The most common complication caused by mesiodens was midline of the permanent incisors. CONCLUSIONS: Mesiodens is an uncommon developmental anomaly in Turkish dental patients. Early diagnosis allows the most appropriate treatment, often reducing the extent of surgery, orthodontic treatment and possible complications.

Prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity among university students in Turkey.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dentine hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical finding with a wide variation in prevalence values. There is lack of data on the prevalence of dentinal sensitivity in Turkish population. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of DH and to examine some associated factors such as initiating stimuli among university students in Kirikkale, Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduates of University of Kirikkale, Turkey. An electronic questionnaire was developed and distributed via e-mail to undergraduate students in Kirikkale University. Self-administered questionnaire elicited information on demography, self-reported dentinal sensitivity, the trigger factor, professional treatment taken, and duration time. Test of significance was done with Chi square statistics. P<0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: A total of 1463 responses were evaluated in this study. One hundred and twenty-four students were diagnosed as having DH, giving a prevalence figure of 8.4%. The prevalence of DH in females was significantly higher than that in males. The most common initiating factor was cold drinks. Tooth sensitivity was found to be common among hard toothbrush users. About 46% of patients reported that they had not undergone any treatment for the discomfort and 35% reported having had some sort of treatment. Among the participants with dentinal sensitivity, 58.8% of the respondents reported that they use soft drinks occasionally. Approximately 64.2% of the patients claimed that DH was present for 1-6 days and the majority (87%) of the patients with hypersensitive teeth experienced pain occasionally. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DH among university students was 8.4%. DH is not a common problem in undergraduate university students.

Prevalence of three-rooted mandibular permanent first molars among the Turkish population.

BACKGROUND: This retrospective study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of three-rooted permanent mandibular first molars in digital periapical radiographic images obtained from a Turkish patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Periapical radiographs of 640 subjects, which had been obtained in the Department of Oral Diagnosis Radiology, Kirikkale University Dental Faculty, Kirikkale, Turkey from June 2010 to March 2011, were screened and examined retrospectively. All radiographs were evaluated under optimal conditions using double magnifying glasses. Each radiograph was separately evaluated by two authors (H.Ç. and M.M.H.). Comparison of the incidence and the correlations between males and females and left- and right-side occurrences were analyzed by using the Pearson chi-square test with SPSS (15.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS: The periapical radiographs of 9 patients, 4 females and 5 males, had three-rooted mandibular first molars. Of these three-rooted mandibular first molars, 7 were found on the right side and 5 on the left side. The overall incidence of patients with three-rooted mandibular first molars was 1.41%. The incidence was 1.63% for men and 1.2% for women. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of three-rooted mandibular first molars from all teeth examined was 1% (12 of 1205), 1.17% (7 of 596) for the right side, and 0.82% (5 of 528) for the left side occurrences.

An analysis of the aetiology, prevalence and clinical features of dentine hypersensitivity in a general dental population.

AIM: Dentine hypersensitivity may be defined as pain arising from exposed dentine typically in response to chemical, thermal or osmotic stimuli that cannot be explained as a rising from any other form of dental defect or pathology. The aim to this cross-sectional study was to determine prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity (DH) and to examine some associated etiological factors in a study of patients visiting general dental practitioners in Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 1368 patients were examined for the presence of cervical dentine hypersensitivity by means of a questionnaire and intraoral tests by (air and probe stimuli). The patients have at least two different quadrants which have sensitive teeth with sound exposed cervical dentin on the facial surface were included the study. RESULTS: A total of 285 teeth were diagnosed as having dentine hypersensitivity in 73 patients, giving an overall prevalence figure for dentine hypersensitivity of 5.3%. 40-49 years age group was the cohort with the greatest number of subjects with DH and females had more predilection than males. Upper premolars were most affected and the commonest initiating factor was cold drinks. Subjects who smoked did not have more sensitive teeth on average than subjects who did not smoke (p > 0.05). Approximately half of the patients reported DH for a duration of within 1-3 days. The commonest etiological factor with the sensitive teeth was the gingival recession. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of dentine sensitivity in this sample was lower compared to studies carried out previously in different populations both general practice and hospital clinics. Further larger scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in Turkish population.

Prevalence of root dilacerations in Central Anatolian Turkish dental patients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine, retrospectively, the prevalence and distribution of the dilaceration of the root for each tooth-type in a sample of Central Anatolian Turkish population by using panoramic radiographs. METHOD: Panoramic radiograhs of 6912 patients (3860 women and 3052 men, mean age 29.04 years, range, 15 to 50 years) were examined for the presence of root dilacerations. Chi-square test was also used to compare the prevalence of dilacerations between male and female subjects and upper and lower jaws. RESULTS: Data showed that 1108 (16.0%) of these subjects had one or more teeth that were dilacerated and these were detected in 466 (15.2%) males and 642 (16.6%) females. Statistical analysis (chi2 test) showed a significant difference in the prevalence of dilaceration among male and female patients. Mandibular third molars were dilacerated most often (3.76%), followed by mandibular second molars (1.81%). Dilaceration was found in 1.23% of maxillary second premolars and 1.23% of mandibular second molars. CONCLUSION: Root dilacerations are not uncommon among Turkish dental patients, and their early detection could be important in treatment problems associated with it. However further larger scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in the general population in order to compare it with other ethnic groups.