Nitinol overdose-rescue of acute limb ischemia caused by stenting of the common iliac, external iliac, common femoral, superficial femoral, and popliteal arteries in an actively smoking patient with claudication.

Intermittent claudication (IC) from peripheral arterial disease is typically managed with pharmacologic interventions and lifestyle changes. However, despite societal guidelines, initial endovascular interventions are being used more frequently with an increased incidence of complications, resulting in rapid disease progression to critical and acute limb-threatening ischemia (ALI). The present report describes the case of a patient who developed ALI after treatment of IC at another facility, with malpositioned bilateral common iliac stents, continuous stent extension into the popliteal artery, and acute occlusion of the entirety of the right lower extremity vasculature. This case illustrates how extensive endovascular intervention for IC can result in ALI requiring urgent revascularization.

Degradable 3D-Printed Hydrogels Based on Star-Shaped Copolypeptides.

We present a star copolypeptide-based hydrogel ink capable of structural microfabrication using 3D extrusion printing. The material comprises an amphiphilic block copolymer structure of poly(benzyl-l-glutamate)- b-oligo(l-valine), which spontaneously forms hydrogels through hydrophobic interactions. The chemical design allows the bulk phase of the hydrogel to remain intact after application of shear due to its self-recovery behavior. It is demonstrated that the composition of the materials is ideally suited for 3D printing with scaffolds capable of maintaining structural cohesion after extrusion. Post extrusion UV-triggered fixation of the printed structures is carried out, resulting in stable hydrogel constructs. The constructs were found to be degradable, exhibited favorable release of encapsulated molecular cargo, and do not appear to affect the metabolic health of the commonly used fibroblastic cell line Balb/3T3 in the absence of the reactive diluent N, N'-methylenebis(acrylamide). The star copolypeptide inks allow for rapid prototyping enabling the fabrication of defined intricate microstructures, providing a platform for complex scaffold development that would otherwise be unattainable with other processing techniques such as molding or casting.