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1.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters ; 30(1): 35-38, 2017 Mar 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28592932

ABSTRACT

Plasma lactate (PL) has been used as a marker of cellular hypoxia and shock. The correlation between PL and clinical outcome has been well accepted in hemorrhagic and septic shock. In contrast to the existing evidence, there are no or almost no data dealing with lactate and burn-related outcome. We attempted to assess whether early plasma lactate (PL) is a useful parameter to predict outcome in burned patients. A prospective study was conducted in a 20-bed adult burn ICU at a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Tunis. Patients admitted within the first 24h post burn with greater than 10% total body surface area (TBSA) burned were enrolled in the study. There were 60 males and 20 females. Mean age was 40.7 ± 19.5 years old, and average TBSA was 32 ± 21%. At admission, 86.7% patients had an initial lactate value of more than 2 mmol/L. In our study, an initial lactate value of 4 mmol/L provided the best sensitivity and specificity: 88% and 79% respectively for predicting sepsis, with an area under the ROC curve of 0,82. Furthermore, plasma lactate cut-off value for mortality prediction was 4.46 mmol/l with a good sensitivity (86%) and specificity (92%). Mortality rate was 36.25%. Plasma lactate appears to be a powerful predictor biomarker of sepsis and mortality in burn patients.


Le lactate plasmatique (LP) est utilisé comme marqueur de choc et d'hypoxie cellulaire. La corrélation entre LP et pronostic est validée dans les chocs hémorragique et septique. Il n'y a que peu voire pas de données concernant PL et pronostic chez les brûlés. Nous avons étudié si la mesure précoce de PL avait une valeur pronostique chez les brûlés. Une étude prospective a ainsi été menée dans l'unité de réanimation pour adultes brûlés (20 lits) du CHU de Tunis. Les patients (60 hommes et 20 femmes) admis dans les 24 h d'une brûlure touchant plus de 10% de SCT ont été inclus. L'âge était de 40,5 +/- 19,5 ans, la surface brûlée de 32 +/- 21%. La grande majorité (86,7%) des patients avaient LP > 2 mmol/L à l'admission. Une valeur > 4 mmol/L étaient la plus prédictive de complication septique, avec une sensibilité de 88%, une spécificité de 9% et une aire sous la courbe ROC de 0,82. La mortalité était de 36,25% et un seuil de LP à 4,46 mmol/L prédisait le décès avec une sensibilité de 86% et une spécificité de 92%. LP semble donc être un marqueur prédictif fiable de sepsis et de mortalité chez les brûlés.

2.
Journal Tunisien d'ORL ; de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale et d'Audiophonologie;(18): 12-15, 2007.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1264047
3.
Journal Tunisien d'ORL ; de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale et d'Audiophonologie;(19): 29-32, 2007.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1264063

ABSTRACT

Introduction : Les cancers de l'orbite sont rares. Ils sont caracterises par leur diversite histologique et leur agressivite locoregionale rendant le traitement difficile et mutilant. Dans ce travail; nous rapportons notre experience dans la prise en charge diagnostique et therapeutique de ces tumeurs. Materiels et methodes : Notre etude retrospective a concerne 31 cas de cancers de l'orbite colliges sur 13 ans (1993- 2005). Tous les patients ont beneficie d'un examen clinique complet; d'une imagerie du massif facial (TDM et/ou IRM) et d'une biopsie de la tumeur. Le traitement a ete base sur la chirurgie; la radiotherapie et/ou la chimiotherapie. Resultats : La symptomatologie clinique etait dominee par les signes ophtalmologiques et les algies faciales. L'imagerie a montre dans tous les cas un processus expansif tissulaire a point de depart orbitaire; avec lyse osseuse orbitaire chez 16 patients (51;6); une extension au massif facial chez 7 patients (22;6); endocraniennes chez 6 patients (19;4) et des formes bilaterales atteignant les deux orbites dans 3 cas (9;7) L'anatomopathologie montrait une predominance des lymphomes malins non hodgkiniens (32;3) et des carcinomes epidermoides (32;3); suivis des rhabdomyosarcomes embryonnaires (19;4). Douze patients ont ete traites par chirurgie et radiotherapie postoperatoire; dix patients par une association radio-chimiotherapie; et neuf autres par une chimiotherapie neo-adjuvante. La survie globale etait de 67;8 a 3 ans; 48;4 a 5 ans et 22;6a 10 ans


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Case Reports , Lymphoma , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Orbital Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Orbital Neoplasms/surgery , Rhabdomyosarcoma
4.
Med Mal Infect ; 36(9): 460-5, 2006 Sep.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17027213

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of local antibiotic policy in a Tunisian ICU. The predefined primary efficacy objectives were the decrease of antibiotic consumption, reduction of inappropriate antibiotic (ATB) use and antimicrobial resistance. DESIGN: This prospective intervention study lasted from January 2002 to December 2004. In the first study period or the baseline phase (from January to December 2002) we focused on physician education for ATB prescription practice. The second period concerned intervention (control of all ATB use). RESULTS: The number of infection episodes significantly decreased from 2002 to 2004; 198 infection episodes in 2002 (1.63+/-1.15 episodes/patient) versus 124 in 2003 (1.22+/-0.93) (P<0.0008) versus 121 in 2004 (1.23+/-0.8) (P1<0.0008). The number of ATB/prescription also significantly decreased from 1.85+/-1.3 in 2002 to 1.5+/-0.9 in 2003 (P=0.02) and 1.5+/-1.4 in 2004 (P1=0.05). Appropriateness of antibiotherapy improved during the intervention period: 65% in 2002 versus 86% in 2003 (P=0.0003) and 81% in 2004 (P1=0.02). The length of antibiotherapy in survivors was considerably reduced: 14.1+/-2.9 days in 2002 versus 11.9+/-1.2 days in 2003 (P<10(-5)) and 10.9+/-2.5 days in 2004 (P1<10(-5)) with a significant reduction of antibiotherapy cost and length of stay (20.4+/-9 days in 2002 versus 18.3+/-6 days in 2003 and 16.9+/-8 days in 2004; P=0.05; P1=0.02). There was a significant decrease of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae esbeta, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Drug Prescriptions , Adult , Aged , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Bacterial Infections/transmission , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Female , Humans , Incidence , Intensive Care Units , Male , Middle Aged , Tunisia
6.
Pathol Biol (Paris) ; 31(2): 115-9, 1983 Feb.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6341938

ABSTRACT

Fifty-two children hospitalized in the Pediatric service of a general hospital between January 1978 and December 1979 were found to be infected with Haemophilus influenzae or para-influenzae (43 with H. influenzae and 9 with para-influenzae). Most of these children (34/52) were less than 4 years of age. The localizations of infections were as follow: 5 meningitis with satisfactory resolution except for 1 who developed slight deafness, 1 epiglotitis, 11 pneumonias or bronchopneumonias, 1 arthritis, 10 otitis medias, 6 conjunctivitis, 3 sinusitis, 10 upper airway infections and 1 neonatal infection. On 8 of these cases the patients were felt to be carriers of H. influenzae or para-influenzae, the signs and symptoms beeing not related to these bacteria. These results are compared with those found in the literature.


Subject(s)
Haemophilus Infections/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Epiglottis , Female , France , Haemophilus influenzae , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology , Laryngitis/epidemiology , Lung Diseases/epidemiology , Male , Meningitis, Haemophilus/epidemiology , Otitis/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
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