ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Post-endodontic pain is one of the main problems for both patients and dentists. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of premedication with indomethacin and ibuprofen for management of postoperative endodontic pain. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this clinical trial, mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis were endodontically treated in 66 patients. The medicines were prepared similarly in the form of capsules containing 400 mg ibuprofen (group A), 25 mg indomethacin (group B) and placebo (group C). The patients were given one capsule 1 h before the start of treatment. Patients recorded their pain measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS) at medication time, during treatment and 8, 12 and 24 h after treatment. The data were analyzed using the chi-square, repeated measures ANOVA, paired t-test, Tamhane and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Ibuprofen and indomethacin significantly reduced the postoperative pain in comparison with placebo during treatment and 8 h after treatment; however, there were no significant differences between them 12 and 24 h after treatment. CONCLUSION: Premedication with ibuprofen and indomethacin can effectively control short term post-operative pain; the lower incidence of side effects and greater analgesic power of ibuprofen make it a superior choice.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Fracture, is discontinuity of anatomical bone relations. Commonly, a maxillofacial fracture occurs after trauma but the etiology and pattern of this entity is different amongst countries. The aim of this study was to clarify the main causes of this entity in Yazd to increase public and professional awareness to prevent more injuries and subsequent consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study consisted of 194 patients admitted in public hospitals in Yazd, Iran. Variables such as age, gender, cause of accidents, site of fracture and treatment method were noted and recorded in a questionnaire filled during hospitalization of these patients. Causes of accident were classified by 6 reasons such as accident by car and motorcycle, fighting and violence, falls, sports and occupational injuries. The site of fractures, including mandible, maxilla, nasal, frontal and orbital were considered. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that maxillofacial fractures are more prevalent in male than females (69% versus 31%). The Most sites of fractures were nasal bone (79%). The majority of people with maxillofacial fractures were in the age ranged between 20-29 years and the main reason of maxillofacial fractures was motorcycle accident. CONCLUSION: According to our result, most sites of fractures were in nasal bone. The main cause of maxillofacial fractures was motorcycle accident. However, in each age range the most common cause of accident was different.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Dry socket is one of the most prevalent complications occurring after tooth extraction. The prevalence of such condition has been reported to be highly different, ranging from 0.5 to 68.4%. The etiology and pathogenesis of this entity are not clearly known and many related predisposing factors have been discussed. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relative prevalence of this entity after tooth extraction and determine the contributing factors in patient referring to Yazd dental clinics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional prospective study was carried out at Yazd dental clinics (from May 2010 to Jun 2010). Four thousand seven hundred and seventy nine patients were selected and included in our study. Characteristics such as: age, gender, site of extraction, number of extracted tooth, trauma during extraction, oral hygiene, smoking, systemic disease, menstrual cycle, history of dental infection and oral contraceptive pill intake were determined and data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Over the two-month period of the study, among of 4,779 patients, 28 patients returned with dry socket phenomena. Our results showed that the incidence of dry socket was 0.6% and females were more common involved than males (0.08% versus 0.04%). The ratio of mandible to maxilla was 2.5 to1 and mandibular third molars were more often involved than other teeth. Trauma, poor oral hygiene and smoking had increased the incidence of dry socket. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggested that trauma during surgery or extraction and poor oral hygiene are important factors that increase the incidence of dry socket, these factors should be considered before and after tooth extractions.
