The use of autogenous tooth bone graft powder in the treatment of osseous defects after impacted mandibular third molar extraction: a prospective split-mouth clinical pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Impaction of mandibular third molars (M3) is one of the most common diseases. Extraction of M3 usually exacerbates osseous defects at the distal aspect of the adjacent second molar (M2). BonMaker® ATB has been cited as a novel autogenous bone grafting material. The aim of this pilot study was to introduce a novel method for repairing the distal osseous defects of M2 after the surgical removal of M3 with autogenous tooth graft powder (ATGP). METHOD: A total of five patients were enrolled in this prospective split-mouth clinical pilot study. Four impacted wisdom teeth were extracted bilaterally from each patient with proximal alveolar bone loss ≥ 5 mm of M3. The ATGP was prepared chairside from two extracted one side third molars and randomly implanted in one of the M3 extraction sockets, and the other side was treated with a blank and considered the control site. Patients were followed up at 6 months. RESULTS: The five patients included three males and two females. Their ages ranged from 25 to 30 years, with a median of 27 years. Primary wound healing without complications was achieved in all the patients. There was a greater tendency for swelling of the cheeks and trismus to occur at the experimental site on the third postoperative day. Compared with the control site, the experimental site exhibited progressive bone filling and ossification in the sixth postoperative month. Moreover, the probing pocket depth of the experimental site was lower than that of the control site. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that ATGP effectively and economically repairs distal osseous defects of M2. Further study is required to validate the effectiveness with a larger study population.

[Shanghai municipal expert consensus on standardized prevention and control of COVID-19 during procedures of oral radiology].

The announcement of National Health Commission on January 20, 2020 (No.1 of 2020) has included novel coronavirus pneumonia into the B class infectious diseases according to the law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and has been managed as A class infectious diseases. People's governments at all levels and health administration departments have been paying high attention to it. With the alleviation of COVID-19 nationwide, dental clinics gradually resume to work. The main transmission routes of COVID-19 are respiratory droplets and contact transmission, hence oral radiological examination is kind of a high-risk operation. Standardized radiologic process is of great significance to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. In accordance with the national and Shanghai epidemic prevention requirements, and in combination with the actual situation of various medical institutions, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Committee of Shanghai Stomatological Association formulated the expert consensus on standardized prevention and control of COVID-19 for clinical reference. This recommendation will be updated according to the situation of epidemic prevention and control in China and the new relevant diagnosis and treatment plans.

Salicin from Alangium chinense Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating the Nrf2-HO-1-ROS Pathways.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder linked to oxidative stress of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs). The effects and potential mechanism of salicin on inflammation and oxidative stress of RA-FLSs were examined by MTT, ELISA, and Western blot methods. Salicin significantly reduced cell viability (82.03 ± 7.06, P < 0.01), cytokines (47.70 ± 1.48 ng/L for TNF-α, 30.03 ± 3.49 ng/L for IL-6) ( P < 0.01), and matrix metalloproteinases-1/-3 expression ( P < 0.01) in IL-1ß-induced RA-FLSs and inhibited ROS generation and p65 phosphorylation ( P < 0.01) as compared with IL-1ß-induced treatment. Moreover, salicin promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation (2.15 ± 0.21) and HO-1 expression (1.12 ± 0.05) and reduced ROS production in IL-1ß-induced RA-FLSs ( P < 0.01). Salicin not only reduced the collagen-induced arthritis by reducing the clinical score ( P < 0.01), inflammatory infiltration, and synovial hyperplasia in vivo but also suppressed the oxidative damage indexes (SOD 155.40 ± 6.53 U/mg tissue, MDA 152.80 ± 5.89 nmol/g tissue, GSH 50.98 ± 3.45 nmol/g tissue, and CAT 0.92 ± 0.10 U/g protein) ( P < 0.01) of ankle joint cells. Conclusively, our findings indicate that salicin ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis, which may be associated with oxidative stress and Nrf2-HO-1-ROS pathways in RA-FLSs.

Protective effects of paeonol on inflammatory response in IL-1ß-induced human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rheumatoid arthritis progression via modulating NF-κB pathway.

Various investigations have demonstrated that human fibroblast-like synoviocytes rheumatoid arthritis (HFLS-RA) take part in the chronic inflammatory responses and RA progression. Inhibition of synovium activation and inflammatory processes may represent a therapeutic target to alleviate RA. Paeonol, a major natural product, has many biological and pharmacological activities. However, its protective effects against RA considering HFLS-RA have not been explored. In this study, anti-inflammatory effects of paeonol were detected in interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß)-treated HFLS-RA. Our results demonstrated that paeonol had no effect on cell survival and IL-1ß-induced proliferation in HFLS-RA. Pretreatment with paeonol significantly suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß, and the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1/-3 in vitro and in vivo. Mice treated with paeonol (10 mg/kg) remarkablely attenuated arthritic symptoms based on clinical arthritis scores and histopathology in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Furthermore, the TLR4 expression and NF-κB p65 activation were inhibited by paeonol in vitro and in vivo. Our findings illustrated that paeonol had significantly suppressed inflammation effects in synovial tissues and RA progression. The potential mechanism might be based on the attenuation TLR4-NF-κB activation. These collective results indicated that paeonol might be a promising therapeutic agent for alleviating RA progress through inhibiting inflammations and NF-κB signalling pathway.