Rehabilitation: mobility, exercise & sports; a critical position stand on current and future research perspectives.

BACKGROUND: Human movement, rehabilitation, and allied sciences have embraced their ambitions within the cycle of "RehabMove" congresses over the past 30 years. This combination of disciplines and collaborations in the Netherlands has tried to provide answers to questions in the fields of rehabilitation and adapted sports, while simultaneously generating new questions and challenges. These research questions help us to further deepen our understanding of (impaired) human movement and functioning, with and without supportive technologies, and stress the importance of continued multidisciplinary (inter)national collaboration. METHODS: This position stand provides answers that were conceived by the authors in a creative process underlining the preparation of the 6th RehabMove Congress. RESULTS: The take-home message of the RehabMove2018 Congress is a plea for continued multidisciplinary research in the fields of rehabilitation and adapted sports. This should be aimed at more individualized notions of human functioning, practice, and training, but also of performance, improved supportive technology, and appropriate "human and technology asset management" at both individual and organization levels and over the lifespan. CONCLUSIONS: With this, we anticipate to support the development of rehabilitation sciences and technology and to stimulate the use of rehabilitation notions in general health care. We also hope to help ensure a stronger embodiment of preventive and lifestyle medicine in rehabilitation practice. Indeed, general health care and rehabilitation practice require a healthy and active lifestyle management and research agenda in the context of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONContinued multidisciplinary (international) collaboration will stimulate the development of rehabilitation and human movement sciences.Notions from "human and technology asset management and ergonomics" are fundamental to rehabilitation practice and research.The rehabilitation concept will further merge into general health care and the quality there-off.

MiR-30c exerts tumor suppressive functions in colorectal carcinoma by directly targeting BCL9.

OBJECTIVE: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains a leading health threat worldwide due to its high mortality. MicroRNA (miR-30c) is an important tumor suppressor in various cancers. B cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) is one of the candidate genes for cancers. The synergistic effects of miR-30c and BCL9 in CRC progression remain to be carefully elucidated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty pairs of CRC samples and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected from Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital between 2015 and 2017. MiR-30c and BCL9 expression levels were measured by quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in CRC tissues and cell lines. The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to determine the influence of miR-30c on the proliferation ability of CRC cells. Target Scan was used to predict the potential target of miR-30c. Then, luciferase assay was performed to confirm the prediction. In addition, we also investigated the biological influence of BCL9 on miR-30c-mediated functions in CRC. RESULTS: We found that miR-30c was significantly decreased in CRC tissues and cell lines while the BCL9 expression level was prominently increased in CRC tissues and cells. Additionally, the miR-30c expression was negatively correlated with BCL9 expressions in CRC tissues. Furthermore, the findings of this study also showed that BCL9 was a direct target of miR-30c in CRC and miR-30c could inhibit the CRC proliferation by binding to its 3'-UTR. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that miR-30c overexpression inhibited CRC proliferation via the regulation of BCL9, suggesting that miR-30c may be a new molecular therapeutic target for CRC.

Structural health monitoring of civil infrastructure using optical fiber sensing technology: a comprehensive review.

In the last two decades, a significant number of innovative sensing systems based on optical fiber sensors have been exploited in the engineering community due to their inherent distinctive advantages such as small size, light weight, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and corrosion, and embedding capability. A lot of optical fiber sensor-based monitoring systems have been developed for continuous measurement and real-time assessment of diversified engineering structures such as bridges, buildings, tunnels, pipelines, wind turbines, railway infrastructure, and geotechnical structures. The purpose of this review article is devoted to presenting a summary of the basic principles of various optical fiber sensors, innovation in sensing and computational methodologies, development of novel optical fiber sensors, and the practical application status of the optical fiber sensing technology in structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure.

Ferroelectric field effect transistors for memory applications.

The non-volatile polarization of a ferroelectric is a promising candidate for digital memory applications. Ferroelectric capacitors have been successfully integrated with silicon electronics, where the polarization state is read out by a device based on a field effect transistor configuration. Coupling the ferroelectric polarization directly to the channel of a field effect transistor is a long-standing research topic that has been difficult to realize due to the properties of the ferroelectric and the nature of the interface between the ferroelectric and the conducting channel. Here, we report on the fabrication and characterization of two promising capacitor-less memory architectures.

Seroepidemiology of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) in Qinghai, China.

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite and is closely related to Toxoplasma gondii, but they are antigenically different. N. caninum and T. gondii infection in a variety of animals such as cattle, dogs, and cats has been reported, but there is little information on the infection of these parasites in domestic yaks. Seroprevalence of antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum in yaks (Bos grunniens) from eight regions of Qinghai, China were investigated by the indirect agglutination test (IAT) and ELISA, respectively. A total of 112 (11.8%) of 946 serum samples were positive for antibodies to T. gondii, and 21 samples (2.2%) were positive to N. caninum. Two of the yaks had antibodies to both parasites. There was no apparent association of T. gondii infection with age of the animals. The results indicate that T. gondii infection is prevalent in Chinese yaks in most parts of Qinghai province and N. caninum infection rate in the same species is relatively low. This is the first large study showing the infection of T. gondii and N. caninum in domestic yaks.

Relationship of sodium/iodide symporter expression with I131 whole body scan uptake between primary and metastatic lymph node papillary thyroid carcinomas.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate total and membranous Na+/I- symporter (NIS) expressions in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissue, correlation of NIS expression between primary and metastatic lymph node (LN) PTC tissues, and relationship of NIS expression with I131 whole body scan (WBS) uptake between primary and metastatic LN PTC tissues by analyzing 17 pairs of primary and metastatic LN PTC tissues. Staining positivity was calculated, and staining intensity was graded as negative (0), weak (1+), moderate (2+) and strong (3+). In primary PTC tissues, positivities and intensities of normal cells were higher than those of carcinoma cells but had no correlation with those in matched metastatic LN PTC tissues. In classic type, positivities, intensities and membranous intensities (mIS) were correlated between primary and matched metastatic LN PTC tissues. In patients aged younger than 45 yr, positivities and intensities in primary PTC tissues had correlation with those in matched metastatic LN PTC tissues. Positivities, intensities, mIS and pathological subtype of carcinoma cells in primary PTC tissues were not correlated with age, tumor size, TNM stage, MACIS score and thyroglobulin (Tg) levels at the time of I131 WBS. Sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predicted values of mIS in patients with I131 WBS uptake were 69.2, 75, 90 and 42.9% in primary PTC tissues, and 92.3, 100, 100 and 80% in metastatic LN PTC tissues. The results of mIS taken either as positive or negative were correlated with those of I131 WBS after controlling for age. Our results demonstrate that PTC tissues have altered total and membranous NIS expressions, suggesting that NIS expression in primary PTC tissues may predict NIS expression and I131 WBS uptake in matched metastatic LN PTC tissues.

Ontogeny of DNA synthetic rhythms in chick (Gallus domesticus) liver.

1. The diurnal pattern of DNA synthesis and mitotic activity in neonatal (1-4-day-old) chick liver were investigated under various feeding and lighting regimens. 2. In the meal-fed chicks under the condition of light-dark cycle, DNA synthesis exhibited a 12 hr cycle; the peaks occurring at 9:00 and 21:00. 3. Fasting caused a gradual decrease in the 21:00 peaks. 4. The changes in the lighting regimen to 24 hr continuous lighting also caused a profound change in the DNA-synthetic pattern, suggesting a complex interplay of feeding and lighting regimens in the manifestation of the DNA-synthetic rhythm in neonatal chick liver.

Effect of gastric distention on RNA synthesis in neonatal chick liver.

RNA synthesis in the nuclei of liver from newly hatched chicks was enhanced 1.25 fold at 10 min after intragastric administration of water. Differential inhibition of RNA synthesis by alpha-amanitin indicated that the enhancement mainly represented rRNA synthesis; the synthesis of mRNA and tRNA was scarcely affected. Enhanced RNA synthesis was accompanied by greater susceptibility of nuclei to digestion by micrococcal nuclease, indicating that the chromatin structure was modified. It was further shown that the "water effect" was mimicked by distention of the stomach by raising the pressure in the intragastric balloon. Since the prior administration of atropine abolished the "water effect", the enhancement of hepatic RNA synthesis may be mediated by hepatic nervous system.

Effect of cycloheximide on the levels of nuclear HMG proteins in rat liver.

Within 30 minutes of administration of cycloheximide to rats, rRNA synthesis in isolated liver nuclei was inhibited by approximately 50%. The nuclear contents of high mobility group (HMG) proteins, including HMG 1, 2 and 14, were found to be decreased in parallel with the inhibition of RNA synthesis while the contents of the total cellular HMG proteins remained unchanged. The role of HMG proteins in the regulation of RNA synthesis is discussed.

Enhancement of RNA synthesis in chick liver by food intake: possible role of high mobility group nonhistone proteins.

RNA synthesis in the nuclei of liver from newly hatched (4-d-old) chicks is enhanced by intake of food. The enhanced synthesis was ascribed not to an increase in the activity of solubilized DNA-dependent RNA polymerase but to an increase in the initiation of RNA synthesis. Enhanced RNA synthesis in fed chicks was accompanied by greater susceptibility of nuclei to digestion by micrococcal nuclease. Salt extraction abolished the difference in nuclease sensitivity between the fed and fasted groups. Reconstitution with either 0.35 M NaCl extracts or high mobility group (HMG) nonhistone proteins restored digestion susceptibility, but changing the source of extracted proteins did not equalize the extent of digestion in nuclei from livers of fed and fasted chicks. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of HMG proteins revealed the presence of HMGs 1 and 2 as well as a 38,000-dalton protein. The nuclear HMG protein content in fed chicks was greater than that of fasted chicks (121 +/- 17 micrograms/mg DNA vs. 31 +/- 12 micrograms/mg DNA). The electron microscopic examination of hepatocyte nuclei revealed the enlargment of nucleoli and scarcity of aggregated heterochromatin structures in the fed chicks as compared with the fasted chicks. These morphological features are compatible with the high transcriptional activity in liver of fed chicks.