Study on clinical effect and immunologic mechanism of infants capillary bronchitis secondary bronchial asthma treated with bacterial lysates Broncho-Vaxom.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effects and immunologic mechanism of infant capillary bronchitis secondary bronchial asthma treated with bacterial lysates (Broncho-Vaxom OM-85BV). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between February 2013 and February 2014, 136 infant capillary bronchitis secondary bronchial asthma cases were chosen. This research was approved by Ethics Committee in our hospital and obtained the informed consent right from patients and guardians. Patients were divided into the control group (n = 62) and the observation group (n = 74) using random number table method. Patients in the control group were treated with normal glucocorticoid atomizing inhalation, aminophylline and antibiotic treatment. In the observation group besides the abovementioned treatment, we added Broncho-Vaxom OM-85BV, qd po for 10 days continuously and quitted it for 20 days. This continued for a total of 3 months. Follow-ups were set for about one year to compare the effects. RESULTS: The onset frequency and duration of capillary bronchitis and asthma in observation group declined remarkably compared with control group and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The level of IL-17 and IL-4 in the observation group decreased significantly, whereas, the level of IL-10 and IFN- γ increased considerably. Differences were all statistically significant (p < 0.05). Peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes in the observation group patients expressed lower levels of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors α7 (α7nAChR) compared to the control group. Then difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Broncho-Vaxom OM-85BV reduced the onset of infant capillary bronchitis secondary bronchial asthma, relating to the reduced inflammation reaction. It also regulated the immunologic function of Th1/Th2, and lowered the α7nAChR level.

Change of peripheral blood mononuclear cells IFN-gamma, IL-10, and TGF-beta1 mRNA expression levels with active human cytomegalovirus infection in orthotopic liver transplantation.

AIM: To analyze the expression levels of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in liver transplanted recipients with active HCMV infection. METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from 20 liver transplanted recipients with active HCMV infection and 20 recipients without HCMV infection. The expression levels of IFN-gamma, IL-10 and TGF-beta1 mRNA in PBMCs were measured by TaqMan real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results were compared with that from 20 healthy individuals. RESULTS: The expression level of TGF-beta1 mRNA was significantly increased in the active HCMV infection group compared with that in stable group or healthy group (P < .001). The expression level of IL-10 mRNA was significantly increased in the active HCMV infection group compared with the healthy group (P = .001). However, the IFN-gamma mRNA expression level was significantly decreased in the active HCMV infection group compared with that in the stable group or the healthy group (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Cytokine production plays a role in the HCMV infection. This may provide an important clue to a better understanding of the pathogenesis in liver transplanted recipients with active HCMV infection.

Differential gene expression profiling in aggressive bladder transitional cell carcinoma compared to the adjacent microscopically normal urothelium by microdissection-SMART cDNA PCR-SSH.

Identifying novel and known genes that are differentially expressed in aggressive bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) has important implications in understanding the biology of bladder tumorigenesis and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic agents. In this study we identified the differential gene expression profiles comparing tumor to the adjacent microscopically normal mucosa by manual microdissection on frozen sections. The RNAs extracted from microdissected tissues were amplified by SMART cDNA PCR technology to generate forward subtractive cDNA library by suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH). We obtained 376 positive clones, one hundred clones of aggressive BTCC subtracted cDNA library were selected at random and inserts were reamplified by PCR. After differential screening by reverse dot blotting, 73 positive clones, that contend inserts putatively upregulated in aggressive BTCC, were further analysed by DNA sequencing, GenBank and EST database searching. Sequencing results showed that 66 clones stand for 23 known genes and 7 clones for three new EST (Genbank number: DN236875, DN236874 and DN236873). In conclusion, microdissection-SMART cDNA PCR-SSH allowed for an efficient way to identify aggressive BTCC-specific differential expressed genes that may potentially be involved in the carcinogenesis and/or progression of aggressive BTCC. These differentially expressed genes may be of potential utility as therapeutic and diagnostic targets for aggressive BTCC.