A method for reconstruction of vermilion tubercle.

BACKGROUND: This article reports on the bilateral lip mucosa flaps (BLMFs) for reconstruction of the vermilion tubercle of the corrected cleft lip deformity. METHODS: From 2005 to 2013, the bilateral mucosa flaps procedures were performed on 34 secondary cleft lip patients (bilateral, n = 25; unilateral, n = 9). We retrospectively reviewed the pre-, intra-, and postoperative data of these 34 cases receiving BLMFs. RESULTS: Satisfactory results were obtained, both cosmetically and functionally, in all 34 patients. Lateral projection measurements of the reconstructive vermilion tubercle showed a mean increase of 151%. There were minimal perioperative complications. The color and texture matched well with the surrounding tissue. The postoperative scars are not remarkable at all. CONCLUSIONS: The technique is relatively simple. The BLMFs provided a versatile and reliable option for the reconstruction of the vermilion tubercle from secondary cleft lip deformities.

Clinical features and expressions of Foxp3 and IL-17 in type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis in China.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a distinct type of pancreatitis associated with a presumed autoimmune mechanism. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and expressions of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in type 1 AIP in China and to identify factors for differentiation of AIP from non-AIP chronic pancreatitis (CP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed pancreatic specimens with diagnosis of type 1 AIP and non-AIP CP at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital in China from January 2000 to December 2013. The clinical symptoms, serological data, imaging findings, histopathology, and immunohistochemical findings of Foxp3 and IL-17 in the 2 groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients with type 1 AIP and 20 patients with non-AIP CP were enrolled. Obstructive jaundice was more common in type 1 AIP than in non-AIP CP (62.1% vs. 30.0%, P=0.042). The diffuse or segmental enlargement of the pancreas was more frequent in type 1 AIP than in non-AIP CP (72.4% vs. 40.0%, P=0.038). Histopathology of type 1 AIP presented dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, "snowstorm-like" fibrosis and abundant immunoglobulin (Ig) G4+ cells. Foxp3+ cells were more frequently observed in type 1 AIP than in non-AIP CP. IL-17+ cell infiltration was similar between the 2 groups. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between Foxp3+ and IgG4+ cell counts in the pancreas of patients with type 1 AIP. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 AIP has distinctive symptoms, image, and pathological characteristics, which could be used for differentiation from non-AIP CP. Foxp3+ cells might be helpful to distinguish type 1 AIP from non-AIP CP.

[Application of slender narrow pedicle flap in facial skin cancer treatment].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the application of slender narrow pedicle flap in repairing facial tissue defects after skin carcinoma excision, and investigate its survival mechanism. METHODS: The slender narrow pedicle iateral maxillocevical flap was designed with its pedicle including skin fascia or only the fascia located in front of auricle or behind of it, repaired 26 cases of facial defects, including 5 temporal skin basal cell carcinoma, 6 skin squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 facial skin malignant melanoma, 8 skin basal cell carcinoma, 5 skin squamous cell carcinoma, 1 skin mucinous carcinoma. In 26 cases, 24 cases their pedicles in front of the auricle, 2 cases behind of the auricle; 4 cases their pedicles only including fascia. The size of the flaps ranged from 3.0 cm x 2.5 cm to 10.0 cm x 8.0 cm. The width and length of the pedicle ranged 1.0-1.5 cm and 2-6 cm. RESULTS: 26 cases of the slender narrow pedicle flaps all survived and the results were satisfactory except 5 cases of distal congestion, then gradual recovery. CONCLUSIONS: This slender narrow flap don't include any major blood vessel, without dissecting the blood vessels in operating. Due to its slender pedicle, the whole flap looks like "pingpang bat", the flap rotation is easy and its coverage area is very large, without cat ears. The postoperative appearance (color, texture, cosmetic aspect) is satisfactory. This slender narrow flap is an extraordinary new flap design and is ideal for the repair of the facial tissue defect after skin carcinoma excision.

The application of bilateral lip mucosa flaps in repairing upper vermilion defects.

BACKGROUND: The lip is a primary aesthetic feature of the human face. Repair of vermilion defects represents a unique challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. The methods of repair are various and have both advantages and disadvantages. Bilateral lip mucosa flaps were applied to the repair of upper vermilion defects, and the effects were observed and reported in this article. METHODS: The bilateral lip mucosa flaps were designed. Two reverse triangular flaps were designed on both sides of the upper vermilion defect. These 2 flaps have the common pedicle in the vermilion depression site. Alternatively, a "λ" incision may be used in the wet vermilion. Then, the mucosa flaps were raised, and the dissection was performed between the orbicularis oris muscles and oral mucosa glands. Next, the bilateral mucosa flaps were rotated down 90° and inserted into the "λ" incision to increase the tissue volume of the middle upper lip and deepen the labiogingival sulcus. The common pedicle of the mucosa flaps was formed to the vermilion tubercle, and the incisions were sutured layer by layer. RESULTS: From 2005 to 2010, the bilateral mucosa flaps procedures were performed on 30 secondary cleft lip patients (bilateral, n=22; unilateral, n=8). Lateral projection measurements of the reconstructive vermilion tubercle showed a mean increase of 149%. Satisfactory results were obtained, both cosmetically and functionally, in all 30 patients. There were minimal perioperative complications. The postoperative scars are not remarkable at all. CONCLUSIONS: The technique is relatively simple. The bilateral lip mucosa flaps provided a versatile and reliable option for the correction of vermilion defects from secondary cleft lip deformities.

[Photocatalytic degradation of DBPs in aqueous solutions].

Photocatalysis technology was used to investigate its removal capability of disinfection by products (DBPs). The photocatalytic degradation rates of different compounds were obviously larger than those in photolytic degradation. They were 3-7 times for halogenated alkyls and 2-3 times for alkenes and aromatic compounds. Investigation of photocatalytic degradation orderliness show that cinnamene > o-cresol > alkenes > alkyls.

[Prediction of photolysis half-lives of PCDD /Fs adsorbed on spruce needles optimized by genetic algorithm].

Adopting quantum chemical parameters of PCDD/Fs computed with quantum chemical PM3 algorithm, quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model, which could predict photolysis half-life (t1/2) of PCDD/Fs adsorbed to spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] needle surfaces, is established using genetic algorithm (GA) algorithm. It is considered that the main factors affecting lg t1/2 of PCDD/Fs are the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), ELUMO - EHOMO and average molecular polarizability (alpha). The lg t1/2 values increase with the increasing of EHOMO and a. The relationship between the lg t1/2 values and ELUMO - EHOMO is a parabolic curve. The lg t1/2 values increase with the increasing of ELUMO - EHOMO when ELUMO - EHOMO > or = 7.847 and decrease with the increasing of when ELUMO - EHOMO < or = 7.847.