[Physiochemical properties and microbial community characteristics of rhizosphere soil in Parashorea chinensis plantation]. / æœ›å¤©æ ‘äººå·¥æž—æ ¹é™ åœŸå£¤ç†åŒ–æ€§è´¨åŠå¾®ç”Ÿç‰©ç¾¤è½ç‰¹å¾.

We explored the impacts of different mixed trees on the improvement of soil microecological environment in rhizosphere of Parashorea chinensis, including pure P. chinensis plantation (WC), mixed P. chinensis and Dalbergia odorifera plantation (WJ), mixed P. chinensis and Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis plantation (WA). Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The characteristics and distribution of soil microbes in the rhizosphere were measured by the methods of Biolog-Eco micro plate and phospholipid fatty acid methyl ester (PLFA). Soil water content, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium content and the activities of sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase in rhizosphere soil of WA were significantly higher than those of WC and WJ, without difference between WC and WJ. There were no significant differences in the contents of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and available potassium between WA and WJ, which were obviously higher than those in WC. There were significant differences in total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents among the three stands, with an order of WJ>WA>WC. The average color change rate (AWCD), Shannon index, Simpson index, McIntosh index and the utilization of six types of carbon source substrates in microorganisms were the highest in the rhizosphere soil of WA, followed by WJ and WC. Results of principal component analysis showed that carbohydrates, amino acids and phenolic acids were the main carbon sources for microbial utilization. In WA, the PLFA content of rhizosphere soil microorganism, bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes was the highest, followed by WJ and WC. There were significant positive correlation between soil physical and che-mical properties and the microbial characteristics. Combining the physical and chemical properties of soil and the functional and structural characteristics of microbial communities, the mixed P. chinensis and E. urophylla × E.grandis plantation may be most conductive to the improvement of the rhizosphere microecological environment and increase soil available nutrients at the young tree phase of P. chinensis.

[Establishment of database for food classification and coding in Chinese dietary exposure assessment].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the basis for Chinese dietary exposure assessment database by classifying and coding the data from the national dietary survey and pollutant surveillance. METHODS: The method, which combined CODEX food classifying and coding of Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) with Chinese food classification of food composition table, was applied to classify and code the data of 1 810 703 Chinese dietary consumption and 487 819 pollutant surveillance. The coding system was according to the first two letters of the respective food group that represent the type or source of foods, the last four digits represent the serial number of the food in the CAC food classification. If the foods can be found in CAC food code system, its original food code is used. The new codes corresponding with the foods which are not exist in CAC food code system, is added according to CAC coding methods. RESULTS: Dietary consumption data were divided into 6 major categories, 19 types, 75 groups, the agricultural products of pollutant surveillance corresponding to 499 codes. Comparing with CAC food coding system, Chinese dietary consumption data have added F (candy snacks) and G (beverages) 2 major categories, 4 types, 33 groups, 302 new codes. The additional groups most were the processing food groups with Chinese characteristics, such as canned, beverages, candy, meat products. CONCLUSION: The foundation of data communication to dietary exposure assessment has been established, and the connection of Chinese food classifying and coding with CAC data have been achieved.

[Effects of anti-heparanase antibody on the growth and invasion of HCCLM6 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the self-developed anti-heparanase polypeptide antibodies on growth and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma HCCLM6 cells. METHODS: Using MTT, flow cytometry, plate clone formation, transwell invasion and heparan degrading enzyme assay, the growth and invasion changes of human hepatocellular carcinoma HCCLM6 cells by co-culture with each of three self-developed rabbit anti-heparanase polyclonal antibodies were detected. RESULTS: Compared with normal rabbit IgG, in the presence of each anti-heparanase polypeptide antibody, the growth, cell cycle and clone formation remained unchanged, and under the P1 or P2 anti-heparanase polypeptide antibody (with final concentration 100 microg/ml), the cell invasiveness was inhibited by 52.5% and 36.6%, respectively, and the heparanase activity was inhibited by 42.9% and 39.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The P1 and P2 anti-heparanase polypeptide antibodies can effectively inhibit the invasion ability and heparanase activity of liver cancer HCCLM6 cells. However, All the three antibodies have no effects on its growth, cell cycle and clone formation.

Screening and identification of novel B cell epitopes in human heparanase and their anti-invasion property for hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to screen and identify novel B cell epitopes within the human heparanase protein and to investigate the impact of self-developed anti-heparanase polypeptide antibodies on growth and invasion of HCCLM6 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro. METHODS: The flexible regions of secondary structure and the B cell epitopes of the human heparanase amino acid sequence were predicted by DNAStar and Bcepred software.The multiple antigenic peptides (MAP) of the epitopes were synthesized in eight-branched form. Rabbits were immunized with the eight-branched MAPs mixed with the universal T-helper epitope human IL-1beta peptide (VQGEESNDK, amino acid 163-171). The immunogenicity of the synthesized peptides was evaluated by ELISA, western blot and immunohistochemistry. The impact of the self-developed rabbit anti-heparanase polyclonal antibodies on growth and invasion ability of HCCMLM6 cells were analyzed in a cell culture model. The cells were first treated with one of the three antibodies, respectively, and then measured by using MTT, flow cytometry, plate clone formation, invasion assay and heparan sulfate degrading enzyme assay. RESULTS: The three amino acid sequences 1-15 (MAP1), 279-293 (MAP2), and 175-189 (MAP3) in the large subunit of the human heparanase protein were predicted as its most potential epitopes. ELISA, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that all three MAPs were capable to induce high titer of serum antibodies. Antibodies induced by MAP1 and MAP2 were high specific. Furthermore, anti-MAP2 antibodies showed the strongest avidity towards liver cancer tissues. Under the treatment with the three anti-heparanase antibodies, respectively, the growth, cell cycle and clone formation of the cells remained unchanged when compared with a treatment with normal rabbit IgG. However, an inhibition of cell invasiveness and heparanase activity could be detected under the treatment with anti-MAP1- or anti-MAP2-antibody (with a terminal concentration of 100 mug/ml). The cell invasiveness was decreased by 54 and 38%, respectively, the heparanase activity by 43 and 39%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The multiple antigenic peptides MAP1 (AC 1-15) and MAP2 (AC 279-293) may be the dominant B cell epitopes in the human heparanase protein. The induced polypeptide antibodies can effectively inhibit the heparanase activity of HCCLM6 liver cancer cells and therefore influence their invasion ability, which provides a theoretic basis for the development of anti-heparanase antibodies and their clinical use as vaccine.

[Observation on the morphology differences of ocular rectus pulley between preschool children and adults].

OBJECTIVE: To study the morphology differences of ocular rectus muscles pulley between preschool children and adults. METHODS: It was an experimental research. Ten fresh cadaver orbits (five children and five adults) were fixed in situ and serially sectioned at 4 microm thickness. Every section was stained with Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red methods. After being stained, extraocular muscle pulley in typical sections was examined through gross anatomy and light microscopy. Two-factor analysis of variance for quantitative data was used in statistical treatment. RESULTS: Near the equator of the globe, the children and adults' extraocular muscle pulleys were all at the points where the rectus penetrate posterior Tenon's fascia, encircling the rectus orbit side by fiber ring structure. There were pulley bands among rectus pulleys. The rectus pulley length and the origin distance from the corneoscleral limbus of the children were significantly less than those from the adult group (P < 0.05). The main composition of the children rectus pulley was similar to that of the adults, but the smooth muscle and collagen type III fibers contents of the medial rectus pulley in children were significantly greater than those in the adults group (P < 0.05). Collagen type I fibers in the children were significantly less than that of the adults group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There are morphological differences in rectus pulley between preschool children and adults, which provides an anatomic basis for the better understanding of the pathogenesis of strabismus.

[Computerized three-dimensional reconstruction of the human rectus EOM pulley].

OBJECTIVE: To establish 3-D visible human model of the rectus EOM Pulley. METHODS: The pictures of Masson stained adjacent coronal sections of a whole orbit were imaged by digital camera, which were entered into computer continuously after removing spottiness through PhotoShop 7.0 software. 3D-Doctor software was used to register and split the image. Finally three-dimensional computerized reconstructions of the rectus EOM pulley and eye ball were achieved. At the same time pulley system structure was analyzed using the 3D-Doctor software. RESULTS: Three-dimensional model of the rectus EOM pulley displayed directly the three-dimensional relationship of pulley and the eye ball, extraocular muscles and orbit. This three-dimensional model could be rotated randomly, providing convenience for multi-angle observation. The demonstration of the three-dimensional model selectively provides a approach to get rid of disturbance and lock the aim for observation. The length of pulley was about 4.6 to 5.8 mm. The origin of the four rectus pulleys was 13.8 to 18.0 mm from the corneoscleral limbus. Media rectus pulley was thickest among four rectus pulley. The ratio between media rectus pulley thickness and corresponding media rectus thickness could reach 1.11. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional model of the rectus EOM pulley provided direct picture for clinic doctors to understand the structure of pulley, which also provided three-dimensional anatomic basis for iconography research of the rectus EOM pulley. The data of pulley could be helpful to establish Chinese rectus EOM pulleys data bank.

[Determination of six metal elements in plant Bupleurum scorzoneri folium Willd. by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS)].

The objective in this paper was to determine the amount of metal elements in the Plant Bupleurum scorzoneri folium Willd. by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). FAAS method was established for the determination of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb in the Plant Bupleurum scorzoneri folium Willd. after digestion with HNO3-HClO4 (V : V= 4 : 1) at 90-95 degrees C and at normal pressure. In the meantime, the optimum parameters of FAAS and the effects of solution medium on the results were studied. The analytical results of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn were 5,588.9, 1,790.5, 869.3, 78.4, 44.3 microg x g(-1) respectively, and Pb was not checked out in the samples. The results showed that the recovery of standard addition was 99.57%-102.10%, the relative standard deviation (n= 9) was 0.18%-2.26%. The method is quick, simple and convenient, and the results are satisfactory.

[Three-dimensional distribution and histological studies of extraocular muscle Pulley in human orbit].

OBJECTIVE: To study the structure and three-dimensional distribution of extraocular muscle Pulley in orbit. METHODS: 5 fresh cadaver orbits were fixed in situ and serially sectioned at 4 microm thickness. Every nearby sections were stained using Masson's trichrome, Van Gieson'stain and immunohistochemical staining, the stained tissue was examined by gross anatomy and light microscopy. RESULTS: Near the equator of the globe, extraocular muscle Pulleys were at the points where rectus penetrate posterior Tenon's fascia, encircling the rectus orbit side by fiber ring structure. There was Pulley Band among extraocular muscle Pulleys. The main composition of the Pulley and Pulley Band were collagen (I and III type), elastic and smooth muscle. CONCLUSION: Constitution of Pulley provides dissection basis as the functional origins of the extraocular muscle.

[Study on controlling the blood glucose level of gestational diabetes mellitus sufferer regularly during labor].

OBJECTIVE: To study the maternal blood glucose management of gestational diabetes mellitus during the labor and relationship of maternal blood glucose in labor and neonatal blood sugar. METHODS: A prospective study on maternal blood glucose monitoring and control during labor was carried in 40 pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism. We adjusted maternal blood glucose by low-dosage constant insulin drop during labor. RESULTS: Maternal blood glucose in labor arranged between 3.8 approximately 11.2 mmol/L, and low-dosage constant insulin drop was used in 17 cases (42.5%). The neonatal blood glucose was (4.0 +/- 1.5) mmol/L following delivery and (3.9 +/- 1.0) mmol/L at 24-hour postpartum. There were 2 cases with neonatal hypoglycemia. The neonatal blood glucose of the rest 23 cases was (4.2 +/- 1.5) mmol/L, and (3.9 +/- 1.0) mmol/L at 24-hour postpartum, and 1 case with neonatal hypoglycemia. There was no the difference of the blood glucose level of newborns between mothers with abnormal glucose metabolism and the normal pregnant women. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to monitor and control the blood glucose level by low dose constant insulin during labor in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism.