ABSTRACT
To evaluate the effect of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets extract in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis( RA). Clinical trials of treating rheumatoid arthritis with Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets published by Meta-analysis were retrieved from EMbase,PubMed,Clinical Trials,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM and Chi CTR,and comprehensively analyzed. A total of 3 studies were enrolled,the modified Sharp score( m TSS),tender join joint erosions( JE) and joint space narrowing( JSN) of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets group were significant superior to those of control group,including positive drugs methotrexate( MTX) and salazopyridine( SSZ)( P<0. 01). Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets had an effect in treating RA. Due to the small sample size,this study shall be verified with high-quality,large-sample-size double-blinded RCTs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antirheumatic Agents , Pharmacology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Drug Therapy , Glycosides , Pharmacology , Tablets , Tripterygium , ChemistryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect of the comprehensive measures that focused on beachland smoothing and tillage cultivation in Tieban Marshland, Wuhan Section of the Yangtze River. METHODS: From 2011 to 2015, before and after the comprehensive control, the Oncomelania hupensis snail situations in Tieban Marshland were investigated in spring annually, and the residents aged 6-65 years in Huayuan Community which was next to the marshland were examined to understand their schistosome infection status. In late July, 2014, the sentinel mouse surveillance was carried out. Moreover, the economic effectiveness of comprehensive development was evaluated. RESULTS: The schistosome infection rates of residents in 2011 (before the comprehensive control), 2012 (after the comprehensive control), and 2013 were 0.72% (3/414), 0.37% (2/536) and 0.31% (1/326), respectively, and no schistosomiasis patients were found in 2014 and 2015. The snail area, the occurrence rate of frames with snails, and the average density of living snails in Tieban Marshland in 2005 decreased by 22.18%, 97.83% and 98.25%, respectively compared to those in 2011, and no schistosome infected snails were found. No positive mice were found in the sentinel mouse surveillance. The annual net income of Tieban Marshland increased by 233.33% compared to that before the comprehensive development. CONCLUSIONS: The endemic situation of schistosomiasis and snail situation declined significantly after the comprehensive development in Tieban Marshland, and the economic and social benefits are significant.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Rivers/parasitology , Schistosomiasis/prevention & control , Wetlands , Animals , China/epidemiology , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Schistosomiasis/epidemiology , Schistosomiasis/transmission , Snails/physiologyABSTRACT
Objective To design,synthesize and screen high efficient small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting to cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)on rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts(RASF).To further study the effect of specific COX-2 siRNA interfering on mediators of inflammatory cytokines.Methods Four pairs of siRNA for human COX-2 mRNA were synthesized by utilizing RNA design software,while another random sequence was designed as control.They were divided into group A to H.Among them,group A was used as the negative control(CTL),and group B to F were transfected as random siRNA(NC),1#～4#siRNA in order. These siRNAs were transferred into RASF by LipofectAMINE2000 package and PMA(phorbol-12-myristate- 13-acetate)was added into each culture and with a final concentration of 100 nmol/l.RASF was collected 48 hours after transfection.The expression of hCOX-2 at mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and hCOX-2 protein level by Western Blot.The supernatant levels of PGE_2,IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-?and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)of the above groups were detected by ELISA.Results The levels of hCOX mRNA and protein in RASF treated with 4-#siRNA were significantly lower than those of the negative control and other groups.The level of PGE_2 and cytokines like IL-1?,IL-6, TNF-?and VEGF in the supernatant were lower in the 4#siRNA group than in other groups.Conclusion 4#siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of COX-2 mRNA and the synthesis of the COX-2 protein in human synovial fibroblasts.The level of PGE_2,IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-?and VEGF is the lowest in the super- natant.Thus 4#siRNA has been confirmed to specifically block the COX-2 in human synovial fibroblasts.
