ABSTRACT
Owing to recent development in the thermal sciences, scientists are focusing towards the wide applications of nanofluids in industrial systems, engineering processes, medical sciences, enhancing the transport sources, energy production etc. In various available studies on nanomaterials, the thermal significance of nanoparticles has been presented in view of constant thermal conductivity and fluid viscosity. However, exponents verify that in many industrial and engineering process, the fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity cannot be treated as a constant. The motivation of current research is to investigates the improved thermal aspects of magnetized Maxwell nanofluid attaining the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity. The nanofluid referred to the suspension of microorganisms to ensure the stability. The insight of heat transfer is predicted under the assumptions of radiated phenomenon. Additionally, the variable thermal conductivity assumptions are encountered to examine the transport phenomenon. Whole investigation is supported with key contribution of convective-Nield boundary conditions. In order to evaluating the numerical computations of problem, a famous shooting technique is utilized. After ensuring the validity of solution, physical assessment of problem is focused. It is claimed that velocity profile boosted due to variable viscosity parameter. A reduction in temperature profile is noted due to thermal relaxation constant.
ABSTRACT
The paper describes a theoretical analysis of the adsorption of amoxicillin (AMX) onto two activated carbons pyrolysed at either 600 or 700 °C (PAC-600 and PAC-700). Series of experimental data are carried out at different temperatures ranging from 10 to 45 °C, as this is the first key factor to explain the adsorption mechanism of this pollutant. AMX adsorption capacity varied from 275 to 450 mg/g and between 276 and 454 mg/g for PAC-600 and PAC-700, respectively. It can be deduced that the pyrolysis temperature does not play a crucial role in AMX removal capacity of the adsorbents. A comparison with literature data shows that the retrieved adsorption capacities of both the adsorbents are very competitive for an effective water treatment. Physical models are applied to the two experimental data sets showing that a monolayer model with single energy is the best option to explain the AMX adsorption mechanism on both PAC-600 and PAC-700 adsorbents. The interpretation of the theoretical results points out that the AMX was not aggregated during the adsorption process. Under these experimental working conditions, it is noted that AMX is adsorbed almost via a parallel orientation on PAC-600 and PAC-700 adsorbents, reflecting that the adsorption is a multi-interaction mechanism. The model provides an estimation of the adsorption energy that allows the quantification of the interactions between the AMX and both PAC-600 and PAC-700 adsorbent surfaces; in both the cases, physical bindings are involved in AMX adsorption.
