Subject(s)
Asymptomatic Diseases , Eye Foreign Bodies/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , VegetablesSubject(s)
Papilledema/diagnostic imaging , Papilledema/etiology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnostic imaging , Child , Humans , Male , Ophthalmoscopy , Papilledema/pathology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology , Severity of Illness Index , Visual AcuitySubject(s)
Choroid Diseases/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adult , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Retinal Pigment Epithelium/drug effects , Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology , RetinoscopySubject(s)
Anterior Chamber , Copper , Corneal Injuries/diagnosis , Eye Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/diagnosis , Adult , Anterior Chamber/pathology , Anterior Chamber/surgery , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Corneal Injuries/surgery , Eye Foreign Bodies/surgery , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/surgery , Humans , Male , Paracentesis , Slit LampSubject(s)
Amyloidosis, Familial/diagnosis , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/diagnosis , Aged , Amyloidosis, Familial/genetics , Amyloidosis, Familial/pathology , Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics , Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/genetics , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/pathology , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Porphyria, Erythropoietic/complications , Scleral Diseases/etiology , Adult , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Leprosy/diagnosis , Orbital Pseudotumor/microbiology , Scleritis/microbiology , Uveitis/microbiology , Adolescent , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence, morphology and distribution of retinal hemorrhages in healthy newborns and their relationship to neonatal, maternal and obstetrical factors, and to determine their natural history. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The present study prospectively included 2,031 consecutive healthy newborns. Indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed within 24 hours after birth in all newborns. Infants with retinal hemorrhages were reexamined weekly until the hemorrhage resolved. Annual ophthalmologic follow-up was also scheduled in these children. Neonatal, maternal and obstetric parameters were analyzed in all newborns and compared between newborns with retinal hemorrhages and those without retinal hemorrhages. RESULTS: 31.8 % of newborns exhibited retinal hemorrhages. 72.6 % of hemorrhages were bilateral. They tended to be localized around the optic discs and in the posterior pole, but their distribution was variable. Retinal hemorrhages were of variable shapes. The prevalence of retinal hemorrhages was higher in newborns delivered with vacuum-assisted extraction (38 %, P<0.001), intermediate during normal vaginal delivery (32.6 %, P<0.001) and lower with cesarean section (20.8 %). Comparative analysis between elective cesarean section and emergency cesarean showed a higher incidence of retinal hemorrhages in the emergency cesarean group (P=0.006). On multivariate analysis, vacuum-assisted delivery was the only factor associated with a higher prevalence of retinal hemorrhages in newborns (P=0.045). Two thirds of hemorrhages had disappeared by one week after birth. Retinal hemorrhages had resolved in all newborns within four weeks. CONCLUSION: Birth-related retinal hemorrhages are common (1/3 of our newborns). Vacuum-assisted delivery is the main risk factor in this study. All hemorrhages resolved by one month of age. These findings may help in differential diagnosis with shaken baby syndrome.
