ABSTRACT
The authors present the technique of retained ventricular catheter removal by means of fluoroscopy-guided neuronavigation. A disconnected free-floating intraventricular catheter is an unusual shunt complication, and in case of shunt infection it should be removed immediately. The operative procedure described here is the first such imaging technique and original approach to retained ventricular catheter endoscopic surgery. The real-time fluoroscopy-guided neuroendoscopy seems to make 3D intraoperative navigation possible.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Ventricles/surgery , Neuroendoscopy/methods , Neuronavigation/methods , Catheters/adverse effects , Catheters/microbiology , Child , Device Removal/instrumentation , Device Removal/methods , Female , Fluoroscopy , Humans , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Neuroendoscopy/instrumentation , Neuronavigation/instrumentation , Surgery, Computer-Assisted , Treatment Outcome , Ventriculostomy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Magnetic susceptibilities of the first and third orders as well as the magnetization of the singlet paramagnet HoBa(2)Cu(3)O(x) (x≈6.0) at low temperatures are studied experimentally using a SQUID magnetometer and compared with theoretical calculations. The magnetic behaviour of single-crystal HoBa(2)Cu(3)O(x) at low temperature is found not to follow the one calculated on the basis of the known crystal field parameters. Different effects which may change the magnetic properties are analysed and discussed: low symmetry components of the crystal field due to some disorder in the oxygen subsystem, a noncompensated effective field from the ordered Cu subsystem acting on the Ho(3+) ions, and others.
