Subject(s)
Alkaloids/chemical synthesis , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Isoquinolines/chemical synthesis , Polycyclic Compounds/chemical synthesis , Alkaloids/chemistry , Alkaloids/pharmacology , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/chemistry , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cells, Cultured , Cyclization , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Isoquinolines/chemistry , Isoquinolines/pharmacology , Polycyclic Compounds/chemistry , Polycyclic Compounds/pharmacology , Umbilical Cord/cytologyABSTRACT
The initial 5-exo versus 6-endo cyclization of the acyl group onto the activated alkyne of propargylic esters has been found to be dependent on electronic effects of the acyl, alkyne, and propargylic carbon substituents. These electronic effects control the ratio of 2,3-disubstituted versus 1,3-disubstituted indolizine products formed when substrates bearing pyridines at the alkyne terminus are used.
ABSTRACT
A microwave-assisted, telescoped synthesis, involving a Michael-type addition followed by intramolecular cyclization, provides an effective entry to the polysubstituted 3-bromo-2(1H)-pyridinone core.
Subject(s)
Esters/chemical synthesis , Esters/radiation effects , Microwaves , Pyridones/chemical synthesis , Pyridones/radiation effects , Cyclization , Esters/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Pyridones/chemistry , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
A new, stereoselective synthesis of substituted tetrahydrofurans via Pd-catalyzed reactions of aryl and vinyl bromides with gamma-hydroxy terminal alkenes is described. This transformation affords trans-2,5- and trans-2,3-disubstituted tetrahydrofurans with up to >20:1 dr. This methodology also provides access to bicyclic and spirocyclic tetrahydrofuran derivatives in good yield with 10-20:1 dr. The scope and limitations of these transformations are discussed in detail, as are the effect of substrate sterics and electronics on yield and stereoselectivity. A proposed mechanism of these transformations is presented along with a model that rationalizes the stereochemical outcome of the reactions.