ABSTRACT
The study was initiated to determine the anticancer activity of a novel compound isolated from the plant Mimosa pudica. The structure of the compound was identified as a derivative of myricetin having alkyl, hydroxy alkyl and methyl substitutions on the basis of spectral evidences (UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectra). The isolated compound was interpreted as 2-(2',6'-dimethyl-3',4',5'-alkyl or hydroxy alkyl substituted phenyl)-3-oxy-(alkyl or hydoxy alkyl)- 5,7-dihydroxy-chromen-4-one. In vitro evaluation of anticancer activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) and human erythroleukemic cell line (K562) were conducted using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In vivo anticancer activity was determined against Dalton's Ascites Lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice. The mice were treated with intraperitoneal administration of the compound at 25mg/kg and 100mg/kg body weight and were compared with the normal, DAL control and standard drug cyclophosphamide treated groups. The histology revealed that the compound could protect the cellular architecture of liver and kidney. The results from the in vitro, in vivo and histological examinations confirmed the ethnopharmacological significance of the isolated compound and could be considered further for the development of an effective drug against cancer.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymphoma/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology , Flavonoids/chemistry , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Humans , K562 Cells , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphoma/pathology , Male , Mice , Mimosa/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A novel, poly(ethyl ethylene ether) inhibitor to trypsin was purified from marine cyanobacteria, Lyngbya confervoides from the coastal areas of Thalassery, North Kerala. The kinetics and the thermodynamic parameters of its interactions with the enzyme were also studied. It was demonstrated that the substrate binding, catalytic triad of the enzyme could be blocked by the inhibitor, as expressed by molecular simulation studies. The study also showed that the cyanobacterial group could prove to be a potential source of novel enzyme inhibitors for various applications.
Subject(s)
Ethylenes/pharmacology , Oscillatoria/enzymology , Seawater/microbiology , Trypsin Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Calorimetry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Ethers , Ethylenes/chemistry , Kinetics , Molecular Docking Simulation , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Trypsin/metabolism , Trypsin Inhibitors/chemistry , Trypsin Inhibitors/pharmacologyABSTRACT
In this paper we report the SAR studies of a series of N-(4-(4-chloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-methoxyphenyl)amide and N-(4-(4-chloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-methoxyphenyl)sulfonamide derivatives 6(a-o) and 7(a-o), were synthesized in good yields and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and mass spectral analyses. The preparation of the key intermediate highlights an optimized palladium catalyzed (Pd2(dba)3/RuPhos) Buchwald cross-coupling of intermediate 2 and 3. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, (Gram-positive), Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative), antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus sp. and antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium fortuitum and MDR-TB strains. The synthesized compounds displayed interesting antimicrobial activity. The compounds 7d, 7f, 7h and 7n displayed significant activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
Subject(s)
Amides/chemistry , Amides/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Sulfonamides/chemistry , Sulfonamides/pharmacology , Antitubercular Agents/chemistry , Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Fungi/drug effects , Humans , Imidazoles/chemistry , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Mycoses/drug therapy , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
In this Letter, we report the structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on series of positional isomers of 5(6)-bromo-1-[(phenyl)sulfonyl]-2-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]-1H-benzimidazoles derivatives 7(a-j) and 8(a-j) synthesized in good yields and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and mass spectral analyses. The crystal structure of 7a was evidenced by X-ray diffraction study. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, (Gram-positive), Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative), antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus sp. and antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium fortuitum and MDR-TB strains. The synthesized compounds displayed interesting antimicrobial activity. The compounds 7b, 7e and 7h displayed significant activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Drug Design , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/chemical synthesis , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Aspergillus flavus/drug effects , Benzimidazoles/chemical synthesis , Benzimidazoles/chemistry , Candida albicans/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Models, Molecular , Molecular Structure , Mycobacterium/drug effects , Rhizopus/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Stereoisomerism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A series of (2-aminothiazol-4-yl)methylester (5a-t) derivatives were synthesized in good yields and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, mass spectral and elemental analyses. The crystal structure of 5a was evidenced by X-ray diffraction study. The compounds were evaluated for their preliminary in vitro antibacterial, antifungal activity and were screened for antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. The synthesized compounds displayed interesting antimicrobial activity.
