[Epidemiological surveillance of trachoma in a school in a city of southeast Brazil]. / Vigilância epidemiológica do tracoma em instituição de ensino na cidade de São Paulo, SP.

INTRODUCTION: Epidemiological surveillance activities undertaken after the detection of an active trachoma case in the APAE-SP are described. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A total of 1,009 pupils, employees and household contacts had an eye examination. Treatment control was carried out at the institution 4 times at 45 day-intervals. RESULTS: The overall prevalence was of 5.9%, 5.1% being of follicular trachoma (TF), 0.3% of intense trachoma (TF/TI) and 0.5% of cicatricial trachoma (TS). At the first control exercise 45.5% of the trachoma cases had no signs of the disease and 40.0% underwent treatment. At the last control exercise 20% were found to have been cured with no vestigial scars. Non-attendance was of 38.2%. The distribution of secondary cases showed great dispersion, suggesting dissemination throughout Greater S. Paulo. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The trachoma control activities do not show satisfactory results, perhaps due to the prolonged duration of the treatment and follow-up. The development of strategies of clinical intervention should be implemented for better control of the disease.

Absorption of D-xylose in full term newborns adequate for gestational age: prospective study up to third month.

Studies of the D-xylose absorption capacity in newborns are scarce and the results reported are controversial. We evaluated the xylose absorption in full term newborns adequate for gestational age in the first days of life and prospectively up to the third month. D-xylosemia values of the first and second hours at birth and at 3-5 days are significantly lower than on the 15th day at one month and at three months. On the other hand, the values obtained in these last three groups showed no differences among themselves. The comparison of first hour D-xylose values between a control group and those children investigated on the 15th day at one month and at three months, revealed significant differences, but second hour values did not show statistic differences. We concluded that enterocyte absorption capacity is already completely developed at 15 days of life in full term newborns adequate for gestational age.

Absortion of D-xilose in full term newborns adequate for gestational age prospective study up to third month

Os estudos sobre a capacidade de absorcao da D-xilose em recem-nascido sao escassos e os seus resultados sujeitos a controversias. Os autores avaliaram a absorcao da D-xilose em recem-nascido de termo, adequados para a idade gestacionall, nos primeiros dias de vida e prospectivamente ate o terceiro mes. Os valores da D-xilosemia para as primeiras e segundas horas apos o nascimento e tres a cinco dias apos, foram significativamente menores do que do decimo quinto dia, com um e tres meses de vida. Por outro lado, os valores obtidos nestes tres ultimos grupos nao revelam diferencas entre si. A comparacao dos valores de D-xilose da primeira hora, entre o grupo de controle e as criancas investigadas no decimo quinto dia com um e tres meses, revelaram diferencas significativas, porem os valores da segunda hora nao mostraram diferencas estatisticamente significantes. Os autores concluem que a capacidade de absorcao do enterocito ja se encontra completamente desenvolvida no decimo quinto dia de vida em recem-nascidos de termo, adequados para a idade gestacional

Absorcao da D-Xilose em recem-nascidos de termo adequados para a idade gestacional: estudo prospectivo ate o terceiro mes. / D-xylose absorption in full term newborn infants adequate for gestacional age: prospective study up to the third month

Estudos da capacidade de absorcao da D-xilose em recem-nascidos, sao escassos e os resultados sao contraditorios. Avaliamos a capacidade de absorcao da D-xilose em recem-nascidos de termo adequados para a idade gestacional no primeiros dias de vida e acompanhamos prospectivamente os niveis de maturacao do enterocito ate o terceiro mes. Os valores da D-xilosemia de primeira e segunda horas ao nascimento e aos 3-5 dias sao significativamente inferiores aos observados aos 15 dias, um mes e tres meses. Por outro lado, os valores obtidos nestes tres ultimos grupos nao apresentam diferencas significativas entre si. A comparacao da D-xilosemia de primeira hora entre grupo-controle e aquelas investigadas aos 15 dias, um mes e tres meses revela diferencas significativas, mas os valores de segunda hora nao apresentam diferencas significativas. Concluimos que a capacidade de absorcao do enterocito provavelmente ja se encontra plenamente desenvolvida aos 15 dias de vida em recem-nascidos de termo adequados para a idade gestacional