Table of contents Ujjwala 2. 0 from access to sustained usage

By September 2019, some 80 million poor households will have been connected to LPG since 2015 through the national programme, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (Ujjwala). This is in addition to "normal" growth in LPG connections amounting to approximately 40 million households. By any account, this is a remarkable achievement, bringing total households with LPG connections from about 60% of the country early this decade to some 95% by the beginning of the next. Connection, however, does not mean full usage and many new Ujjwala households and others continue to use significant amounts of biomass fuel, with consequent impacts on the health of village populations from the smoke. In addition, it is now well established that smoke from household biomass use is the largest single source of outdoor air pollution in the country, although of course not the only one.3 Its continued use thus is a problem for all Indians. How to continue to fulfill the promise of Ujjwala in its second phase, here called Ujjwala 2.0, is an important policy discussion in the country.

Design For The First Narrowband Filter For The Dark Energy Camera: Optimizing The LAGER Survey For Z ~ 7 Galaxies.

We present the design for the first narrowband filter NB964 for the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), which is operated on the 4m Blanco Telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The NB964 filter profile is essentially defined by maximizing the power of searching for Lyman alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) in the epoch of reionization, with the consideration of the night sky background in the near-infrared and the DECam quantum efficiency. The NB964 filter was manufactured by Materion in 2015. It has a central wavelength of 964.2 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 9.2 nm. An NB964 survey named LAGER (Lyman Alpha Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization) has been ongoing since December 2015. Here we report results of lab tests, on-site tests and observations with the NB964 filter. The excellent performances of this filter ensure that the LAGER project is able to detect LAEs at z ~ 7 with a high efficiency.