Inhibin B predicts oocyte number and the ratio IGF-I/IGFBP-1 may indicate oocyte quality during ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization.

PURPOSE: To perform a retrospective analysis of 62 age-matched IVF-treated women in order to investigate whether levels of inhibin B, IGF-I, and IGFBP-1 in serum 2 days before oocyte retrieval and in follicular fluid at the day of oocyte retrieval might be useful as indicators of the ovarian ability to produce oocytes (ovarian reserve). METHODS: Patients were allocated into three groups on the basis of the number of oocytes retrieved. Group 1 ("low responders") had 0-3 oocytes, group 2 ("normal responders") had 6-11 oocytes, and group 3 ("high responders") had 12 oocytes or more. Levels of inhibin B, IGF-I, and IGFBP-1 in follicular fluid and in serum obtained 2 days before oocyte retrieval were analyzed and correlated to clinical parameters including estradiol levels, progesterone levels, follicle size, follicle number, and oocyte number. RESULTS: We found significant differences in inhibin B levels in the three groups. Inhibin B levels in follicular fluid and serum was strongly correlated to the number of oocytes retrieved (p < 0.01). The number of oocytes retrieved were also correlated to total FSH dose (p < 0.05), to estradiol 2 days before and at ovum pick-up (p < 0.05), to progesterone at ovum pick-up (p < 0.0001), to progesterone at embryo transfer (p < 0.05), and to the number of follicles (size 12-15 mm, p < 0.001, size > 15 mm, p < 0.01). Serum inhibin B also correlated to follicular fluid inhibin B (p < 0.01). Inhibin B was not correlated to pregnancy. In contrast, the ratio IGF-I/IGFBP-1 in serum as well as in follicular fluid was significantly higher in women who became pregnant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that inhibin B in serum 2 days before oocyte retrieval predicts number of oocytes retrieved. Since inhibin B in serum before oocyte retrieval in ovarian hyperstimulation was strongly predictive of the number of oocytes retrieved, it appears useful as a marker for ovarian response. Inhibin B did not predict treatment outcome, whereas the ratio IGF-I/IGFBP-1 in serum and follicular fluid was significantly higher in women who became pregnant. The ratio IGF-I/IGFBP-1 may thus reflect oocyte quality.

Predictive power of clomiphene citrate challenge test for failure of in vitro fertilization treatment.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the impact of ovarian reserve on the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in 140 women, in a total of 279 treatment cycles. METHODS: All women underwent a clomiphene citrate (CC) challenge test to assess their ovarian reserve before IVF treatment. One hundred and eighteen women (84%) had normal basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (3.1-10.0 IU/l) and 22 women (16%) had elevated FSH levels (> 10.0-24.0 IU/l). The FSH levels measured on cycle day 10 showed that 106 (76%) of the women could be regarded as having a normal ovarian reserve and 34 (24%) a diminished ovarian reserve. RESULTS: In the group with diminished ovarian reserve, pregnancies and live births were dramatically lower than in the group with normal ovarian reserve. Counting only the first cycle (n = 140), the number of ongoing pregnancies and live birth rate were highly different between the two groups: 3% vs. 36% (1/33 vs. 28/78). Counting all treatment cycles (n = 210 + 69) the clinical pregnancy rate in the diminished ovarian reserve group was 6%-31% compared with the normal woman (4/69 compared 65/210). The number of started treatment cycles per woman were similar in the two groups. The length of the ovarian stimulations were slightly longer in the group with elevated FSH compared with the group with normal FSH levels. The number of cancellations resulting from insufficient ovarian response was significantly higher in the group with diminished ovarian reserve (n = 38, 55%) compared with the normal women (n = 32, 15%) (p < 0.0001). In addition, the average E2 levels before oocyte pick up were significantly lower in the group of women with diminished ovarian reserve compared with normal women (p < 0.0001). Calculation of the sensitivity and specificity of the CC test showed that an abnormal test has a high probability for a negative treatment outcome. The number of retrieved, fertilized oocytes, the number of divided oocytes, and the number of embryo transfers in the first as well as in all cycles differed significantly between the two of groups women (p < 0.001-0.009). CONCLUSIONS: We found that the CC challenge test is a useful tool in assessing a woman's ovarian capacity before infertility treatment. The predictive value of the test for a negative outcome of IVF treatment was strong. We recommend performing the test before infertility treatment. This may prevent unnecessary treatment trials and unrealistic expectations from both patients and doctors.

Delivery rates following IVF treatment, using two recombinant FSH preparations for ovarian stimulation.

BACKGROUND: A prospective, semi-randomized, open, clinical study was conducted to compare ovarian response, pregnancy outcome and delivery rates using two recombinant FSH preparations (Gonal-F and Puregon) for IVF. METHODS: We analysed stimulation parameters and outcome data in 812 initiated treatment cycles where 292 women used Gonal-F and 200 used Puregon. Embryo transfer was carried out in 676 cycles. In the two preparation groups we also compared 170 women previously treated with FSH for IVF with 266 previously untreated. RESULTS: The pregnancy rate with Gonal-F was 26% and with Puregon 28%. Delivery rates were identical, 22%. Clinical pregnancy and delivery rates per cycle with embryo transfer in earlier untreated women were 29.0 and 24.0%, whereas in previously treated women they were 23.5 and 18.8% respectively. After repeated cycles, delivery frequencies consecutively decreased, independent of the FSH preparation used. CONCLUSION: Gonal-F and Puregon seem to be equally potent in achieving follicular development and equally effective, in terms of delivery rates, for use in an IVF programme. Repeated cycles resulted in equally large consecutive decreases in delivery rates, regardless of preparation choice, but were considered worthwhile for up to three stimulation cycles in selected patients.