ABSTRACT
The contribution of renal biopsy (RB) is of major importance in the management of many renal diseases in children. Specific indications for performing biopsy in children include steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (NS) and secondary nephropathies. The aim of our study was to report the common histological varieties of kidney diseases in children in Morocco. In this retrospective and descriptive study, we included all renal biopsies performed in patients under 16 years in the Department of Pediatrics of Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco from July 2009 to December 2013. Biopsy samples without glomeruli and those with less than five glomeruli or repeat biopsies on the same patient were excluded from our study. We performed 112 RBs during this period; the average age at the time of RB was 10.05 ± 4 years and the sex-ratio was 1.07. The indications for RB were NS with hematuria and/or renal failure (RF) in 32.1%, active urinary sediment in 21.4%, isolated NS in 15.2%, RF in 13.4% and steroid-resistant NS in 10.7% of cases. Primary nephropathies represented 59.8% of cases, with a predominance of minimal change disease (MCD) seen in 40.2% of the cases. Secondary nephropathies accounted for 27.7% of the cases, with a predominance of lupus nephritis (11.6%), followed by Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (6.2% of cases) and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (3.6%). There was one case of hepatitis B virus-associated membranous glomerulonephritis. Chronic glomerulonephritis accounted for 12.5% of the cases. Vascular and tubulo-interstitial nephritis were rare. Our study confirmed that primary glomerular nephropathy was the most common renal disease in children. The most common lesion was MCD. Secondary nephropathies were less frequent, with a predominance of lupus nephritis.
ABSTRACT
Multifocal tuberculosis (TB) is rare. It occurs especially in immunocompromised patients. Association with skin involvement is rarer, and few cases are reported in the literature. The present study reports 7 cases of multifocal TB with cutaneous localization in immunocompetent patients. Cutaneous forms of TB included in this series are: gummas, scrofuloderma, vasculitis TB and lupus TB. The patients had at least two extra skin locations, namely: osteoarticular, lung, pleural, scrotal, muscular, digestive, laryngeal, nodal and splenic locations. These patients had no context of immunosuppression which is uncommon, but should be kept in mind, especially in endemic countries.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Granuloma/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Granuloma/epidemiology , Granuloma/pathology , Humans , Immunocompetence , Male , Middle Aged , Morocco/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Fasciitis with eosinophilia (FE), or Shulman syndrome, is a rare disease of unknown origin for which the nosological profile has not been clearly defined. It is clinically characterised by oedema and induration of the limbs with hypereosinophilia. It may be associated with morphea, in which case it carries a poor prognosis, or other diseases, particularly autoimmune conditions. Herein, we report a case of fasciitis associated with eosinophilia, morphea and vitiligo. PATIENT AND METHODS: A 45-year-old male patient followed up for vitiligo for 20 years had been presenting swelling and induration of the skin on all 4 limbs for the previous 7 months associated with morphea on the trunk. Treatment consisting of systemic corticosteroids and methotrexate was initiated and displayed a certain degree of efficacy. DISCUSSION: The association of morphea/fasciitis with eosinophilia is a classical finding; the presence of vitiligo raises the question of possible association between these different disorders.
Subject(s)
Eosinophilia/complications , Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Fasciitis/complications , Fasciitis/diagnosis , Scleroderma, Localized/complications , Scleroderma, Localized/diagnosis , Synovitis/complications , Synovitis/diagnosis , Vitiligo/complications , Vitiligo/diagnosis , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Eosinophilia/pathology , Fascia/pathology , Fasciitis/pathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Scleroderma, Localized/pathology , Skin/pathology , Synovitis/pathology , Vitiligo/pathologySubject(s)
Cicatrix/pathology , Sarcoidosis/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Suture Techniques , Adenocarcinoma/radiotherapy , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Endometrial Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Radiation Injuries/complications , Sarcoidosis/etiology , Skin Diseases/etiologySubject(s)
Alopecia/diagnosis , Alopecia/genetics , Codon, Nonsense , Hyperpigmentation/diagnosis , Hyperpigmentation/genetics , Nail Diseases/diagnosis , Nail Diseases/genetics , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/genetics , Adult , Alopecia/drug therapy , Etretinate/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Hyperpigmentation/drug therapy , Keratolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Male , Nail Diseases/drug therapy , Siblings , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Gestationis pemphigoid is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering dermatosis occurring predominantly in pregnancy, more seldom in early puerperium, and exceptionally in post-abortion. The association of gestationis pemphigoid with choriocarcinoma is extremely rare. We report this association in a patient of 35 years in which the diagnosis of gestationis pemphigoid was made on clinical, histological and immunological criteria, and the one of choriocarcinoma was made on clinical, biological radiological and histological criteria. Through this article, we put the item on this association reported for the first time in post-abortion.
Subject(s)
Choriocarcinoma/complications , Pemphigoid Gestationis/pathology , Uterine Neoplasms/complications , Abortion, Induced , Adult , Choriocarcinoma/pathology , Female , Humans , Pemphigoid Gestationis/drug therapy , Pemphigoid Gestationis/immunology , Pregnancy , Uterine Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer occurring in young women is rare with epidemiological, diagnostic and prognostic characteristics of their own. It is more often linked to genetic predisposition and especially correlated with a lower survival and higher rates of recidivism. The aim of the study was to analyze epidemiological, clinicopathological, biological and evolutionary characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It is a retrospective study concerning 74 patients aged 35 and younger, in whom a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer was made between September 2004 and December 2009. RESULTS: Incidence of breast cancer in women aged under 35 in our series was 18.6%, mean age was 30.62years and five patients (6.75%) had a family history of breast cancer. The mean tumor size was 3.9±2.6cm; 45.4% of tumors were locally advanced. It was an infiltrating ductal carcinoma of grade III of Scarff-Bloom and Richardson (SBR) in 45.7% cases and half the time it was accompanied by an axillary lymph node involvement. Negative hormone receptor (HR-) was found in only 28.7% of cases and 13 cases overexpressed Her2. Eighteen percent of the tumors were classified as triple negative. The overall survival at 3years was 87.8%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The incidence of breast cancer in young Moroccan patients is high. In our context, it is distinguished by a delayed diagnosis explaining the advanced stage at diagnosis. Biological characteristics are often more aggressive, including high histological grade, lack of hormone receptors and the higher rate of triple negative tumours significantly reducing treatment options.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Axilla , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Female , Humans , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Morocco/epidemiology , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
Sporotrichoid tuberculosis is a rare form of cutaneous tuberculosis; it primarily affects children after a post-traumatic inoculation. The diagnosis is often difficult and based on a set of arguments; it should be considered in any sporotrichoid lesion, especially in tuberculosis endemic countries. The following describes a new case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis skin infection with an unusual sporotrichoid clinical appearance in a healthy woman, emphasizing the diagnostic difficulties with a review of literature.
ABSTRACT
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland is an uncommon condition. Up to date, its clinical pathological features are not fully understood. We present a case of an extramedullary nonmucosal plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland which is the first case with regional metastatic lymph nodes. This condition requires a scrupulous survey to rule out a metastatic multiple myeloma. Although localized forms management is still controversial, authors require combined approach for regional metastatic forms. The prognosis is favorable compared to solitary bone plasmacytomas or multiple myeloma.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis , Syringoma/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/therapy , Skin/pathology , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/therapy , Sweat Glands/pathology , Syringoma/pathology , Syringoma/therapyABSTRACT
Buschke-Lowenstein tumour (BLT) is a giant condyloma acumina, which is rare entity and represents only 1% of all populace. It is a rare viral disease, essentially transmitted by sexual intercourse, characterized by a potential for malignant transformation, invasion and recurrence after treatment. We report a case of BLT associated with perinea-scrotal melanoma. This association was never described in the literature. The purpose of our case report is to discuss the clinical and pathological appearances of these two entities and to outline the recent studies of molecular biology, which can explain this association.
Subject(s)
Condylomata Acuminata/pathology , Genital Neoplasms, Male/pathology , Melanoma/pathology , Penile Neoplasms/pathology , Scrotum/pathology , Aged , Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor , Condylomata Acuminata/surgery , Genital Neoplasms, Male/surgery , Humans , Male , Melanoma/surgery , Penile Neoplasms/surgery , Scrotum/surgerySubject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Ciprofloxacin/adverse effects , Drug Eruptions/etiology , Sweet Syndrome/chemically induced , Dacryocystitis/drug therapy , Facial Dermatoses/chemically induced , Female , Foot Dermatoses/chemically induced , Hand Dermatoses/chemically induced , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is still endemic in Morocco. Cutaneous tuberculosis is the fifth most common form after pleuropulmonary, glandular, digestive and urogenital tract tuberculosis. The purpose of this single-center prospective study is to describe all cases of cutaneous tuberculosis treated between May 2006 and June 2009. Diagnosis was suspected based on clinical, immunological and histological features. The main clinical presentations, i.e., scrofuloderma and gumma, were consistent with endemicity of tuberculosis in Morocco. Since definitive diagnosis by detection of the tubercle bacillus was rarely possible, therapy was usually undertaken presumptively based on clinical and laboratory findings and therapeutic response.
Subject(s)
Tuberculosis, Cutaneous , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Humans , Middle Aged , Morocco , Prospective Studies , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland is a rare malignant tumor mostly affecting adults. It accounts for 1 to 3 % of head and neck malignant tumors. It is very rarely observed in children under 10 years of age. OBSERVATION: A four-and-half-year-old boy was brought to consultation in our department, in June 2006, for a left cervical swelling having progressively increased over the previous two years. Cervical US confirmed the presence of a 2.3cm long tumor of the left parotid area, hyperechogenic and heterogenic, associated to a homolateral lymphadenopathy in the jugular and carotid region (zone II), 2cm in diameter. A total parotidectomy preserving the facial nerve was performed. The biopsy extemporaneous histological examination suggested a low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Surgery was completed by functional neck dissection. DISCUSSION: Our four-and-half-year-old patient was one of the youngest cases ever reported. Malignant parotid gland tumors are very rarely observed in children: less than 19 cases have been published worldwide. Its occurrence in a young child under ten years of age is very rare. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma accounts for one third of all malignant parotid gland tumors.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/diagnosis , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/diagnostic imaging , Child, Preschool , Humans , Lymph Nodes/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neck Dissection , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , UltrasonographySubject(s)
Carcinoma, Verrucous/diagnosis , Nail Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Toes , Aged , Amputation, Surgical , Carcinoma, Verrucous/pathology , Carcinoma, Verrucous/surgery , Cell Division/physiology , Humans , Male , Nail Diseases/pathology , Nail Diseases/surgery , Skin/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Toes/surgeryABSTRACT
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is an unusual, benign, non-neoplasic, vascular lesion characterized histologically by papillary fronds lined by proliferating endothelium. This lesion has the propensity to occur in the skin and the subcutis. Many histological features are similar to those of low-grade angiosarcoma, a common, but more serious condition. Clinical and histological differentiation is important to avoid overtreatment of this benign lesion. We report a case of cutaneous IPEH in the ankle of a 30-year-old girl, which was successfully treated by excision. The pathologic findings, differential diagnosis and a review of recent literature are discussed.
Subject(s)
Ankle/blood supply , Hemangioendothelioma/pathology , Hemangioendothelioma/surgery , Vascular Neoplasms/pathology , Vascular Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Endothelium, Vascular/pathology , Female , Humans , Hyperplasia/pathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Tubo-ovarian actinomycosis is a rare location for infection by actinomyces. Only around 50 cases have been described in the world literature since 1963. Diagnosis can be difficult due to the highly misleading solid pseudotumoral appearance of this infection. The purpose of this report is to describe the case of a 40-year-old patient with an intrauterine device who presented abdomino-pelvic pain associated with guarding in the right iliac fossa. Pelvic ultrasound revealed an ovarian mass. Histological examination of the surgical specimen after annexectomy demonstrated tubo-ovarian actinomycosis. Based on this case involving a rare clinical form of the actinomycosis, we review the various clinical aspects of this infection and underline the importance of histology in achieving diagnosis. We also provide a general review of the literature.