ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of liraglutide on cardiac function in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The present meta-analysis aimed to identify studies testing liraglutide in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We included observational and randomized controlled trials comparing liraglutide with placebo or any other drug alone or in combination with other drugs. A comprehensive search was carried out using online databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library to find relevant studies from inception to June 30, 2023, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Key terms used to search for relevant studies included "liraglutide," "cardiac function," and "type 2 diabetes," along with their synonyms and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. The outcomes assessed in the present meta-analysis included diastolic cardiac function and systolic cardiac function. For diastolic cardiac function, we assessed the E to A (E/A) ratio and the E to Ea (E/Ea) ratio. To assess the impact of liraglutide on systolic function, we assessed stroke volume in mL, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in %, cardiac output in L/min, and cardiac index in L/min/m². A total of seven studies were included, with a pooled sample size of 307 individuals (160 in the liraglutide group and 147 in the control group). The results indicated that liraglutide significantly reduced the E/A ratio (mean difference [MD]: -0.22, 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.06, p-value: 0.008) and E/Ea ratio (MD: -0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.39 to -0.12, p-value: 0.02, suggesting a potential clinical benefit on ventricular diastolic function. However, there was no significant impact on LVEF (MD: 0.46, 95% CI: -3.13 to 4.05, p-value: 0.80), cardiac output (MD: 0.05, 95% CI: -0.39 to 0.49), cardiac index (MD: 0.07, 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.32), and stroke volume (MD: -5.34, 95% CI: -14.81 to 4.12), indicating that liraglutide did not improve systolic function.
