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1.
Clin. biomed. res ; 39(1): 69-74, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1026176

ABSTRACT

Evidências mostram que o exercício físico gera efeito positivos em indivíduos com fibrose cística, melhorando o prognóstico, a qualidade de vida e reduzindo o número de internações. O estudo se caracteriza como qualitativo e de revisão sistemática. A partir dos descritores "fibrose cística", "criança" e "exercício físico" realizou-se uma busca por artigos nas bases de dados do Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e Medline/PubMed. Desta busca originaram-se inicialmente 125 artigos. Após refinamento, foram selecionados 14 artigos que se adequaram aos critérios propostos pela pesquisa. Utilizou-se como critérios de inclusão a leitura prévia dos resumos, nos quais deveriam conter informações referentes à utilização do exercício físico como tratamento da fibrose cística, ser um estudo com população alvo ≤ 20 anos de idade e que utilizassem protocolo validado de exercícios físicos. Os artigos encontrados trazem relatos dos benefícios da prática regular de exercícios físicos no tratamento efetivo de pacientes com fibrose cística na infância e adolescência. Os achados são referentes à melhora da capacidade cardiorrespiratória, da postura, além de outros benefícios como aumentos na autoestima e na qualidade de vida destes indivíduos. Grande parte dos trabalhos avaliam o efeito do exercício físico a curto prazo, demonstrando que os dados oriundos dos estudos atuais são escassos e que são necessários mais estudos para maior esclarecimento do tema. (AU)


Evidence shows that physical exercise produces positive effects on individuals with cystic fibrosis, improving their prognosis and quality of life and reducing the number of hospitalizations. This study was qualitative and consisted of a systematic review. Using the descriptors "cystic fibrosis," "child" and "physical exercise," a search for articles was carried out in the databases of CAPES Journals Portal and MEDLINE/PubMed. This initial search yielded 125 articles. After narrowing, 14 articles meeting the study criteria were selected. Abstracts were screened in search of the following inclusion criteria: having information on the use of physical exercise as treatment of cystic fibrosis, having a target population aged ≤ 20 years, and using a validated exercise protocol. The articles report the benefits of regular physical exercise in the effective treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis in childhood and adolescence. The findings show improved cardiorespiratory capacity and posture, as well as other benefits such as increased self-esteem and quality of life of these individuals. Most studies evaluated short-term effects of physical exercise, demonstrating that current data are still incipient and further studies are needed to investigate the subject. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , Cystic Fibrosis/epidemiology , Exercise/physiology , Child Health , Adolescent Health
2.
Diabetol Metab Syndr ; 7: 115, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26697119

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia has been associated with decreased blood flow in various organs, leading to tissue damage and dysfunctions. Exercise training (ET) is known to promote beneficial changes in the autonomic nervous system and may have effects on circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate coronary and renal blood flows and vascular resistances after ET in diabetic rats. METHODS: Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD), trained diabetic (TD). Diabetes was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg). The ET was performed on a treadmill for 10 weeks. The blood flows were measured using colored microspheres. RESULTS: The diabetic groups presented hyperglycemia (blood glucose >350 mg/dL) and ET did not change this parameter. The SD group showed reduced renal blood flow when compared to SC group, and ET was able to normalize this parameter in TD rats (SC: 4.3 ± 0.5; TC: 2.9 ± 0.3; SD: 1.9 ± 0.4; TD: 3.2 ± 0.4 mL/min/g). TD group presented increased coronary blood flow in relation to SD group (SC: 2.3 ± 0.23; TC: 2.8 ± 0.5; SD: 1.2 ± 0.4; TD: 3.0 ± 0.4 mL/min/g). The heart and kidneys vascular resistance were increased in SD group when compared to SC group, and ET was able to reverse these changes. CONCLUSIONS: Given the relevance of cardiomyopathy and nephropathy in mortality of diabetics, our results demonstrated that ET is effective in improving coronary and renal blood flows and vascular resistances in STZ-diabetic rats, reinforcing the positive role of this approach in preventing hyperglycemia-induced long-term organ damage.

3.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 20(3): 233-236, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-718414

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARV) foi introduzida no Brasil em 1996, como parte da política nacional de acesso gratuito aos serviços de saúde e medicamentos. Infelizmente, o seu uso contínuo tem sido associado com mudanças na distribuição da gordura corporal e com alterações metabólicas que podem aumentar a morbidade e mortalidade nesta população. O treinamento físico tem sido estudado como uma estratégia eficaz de intervenção não farmacológica para melhorar os parâmetros de aptidão física relacionados à saúde e para minimizar os efeitos indesejáveis ​​da infecção pelo HIV e/ou o uso prolongado da TARV, no entanto, há poucos estudos sobre o treinamento físico, síndrome lipodistrófica e cardiologia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o risco de doença isquêmica cardíaca em sujeitos HIV/AIDS em uso de TARV praticantes de treinamento concorrente com séries simples. MÉTODOS: Quatorze sujeitos foram avaliados através da circunferência abdominal, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), colesterol total (CT), HDL, LDL, triglicerídeos (TG) e glicemia. Para a estimativa do risco coronariano em 10 anos utilizou-se o Escore de Framingham. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos sujeitos situou-se dentro dos valores de referência para as variáveis analisadas, exceto para os valores de LDL e TG. Treze sujeitos (92,7%) ficaram abaixo dos 10% de risco coronariano em 10 anos, e apenas um (7,3%) estava em risco moderado. Houve correlação significativa entre o tempo de treinamento e a PAS. CONCLUSÃO: Sugere-se a realização de ensaios clínicos randomizados para avaliar os mesmos desfechos deste estudo. .


INTRODUCTION: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was introduced to Brazil in 1996, as part of the national policy of free access to health services and drugs. Unfortunately, its continued use has been associated with changes in the redistribution of body fat, and metabolic changes which can increase morbidity and mortality in this population. Physical training has been studied as an effective strategy of non-pharmacological intervention to improve physical fitness parameters related to health and to minimize the undesirable effects of HIV infection and/or prolonged use of HAART. However, there are few studies on physical training, lipodystrophy syndrome and cardiology. OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of ischemic heart disease in HIV/AIDS subjects on HAART and in concurrent training with single sets. METHODS: Fourteen subjects were assessed by waist circumference, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, lipid profile, total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides (TG) and glucose. The Framingham score was used to estimate the 10-year risk for coronary heart disease. RESULTS: Except for LDL and TG values, most subjects were within the reference limits for the analyzed variables. Thirteen subjects (92.7%) were below the range of 10% for the 10-year risk for coronary heart disease, while only one subject (7.3%) showed a moderate risk. There was a significant correlation between training time and the SBP variable. CONCLUSION: We suggest conducting randomized trials to assess the same outcomes of this study. .


INTRODUCCIÓN: La terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad (HAART) se introdujo en Brasil en 1996, como parte de la política nacional de acceso gratuito a los servicios de salud y medicamentos. Desafortunadamente, su uso continuado se ha asociado con cambios en la distribución de la grasa corporal y los cambios metabólicos que pueden aumentar la morbilidad y la mortalidad en esta población. El entrenamiento físico se ha estudiado como una estrategia de intervención no farmacológica eficaz para mejorar los parámetros de la condición física relacionados con la salud y reducir al mínimo los efectos adversos de la infección por VIH y/o el uso prolongado de la terapia HAART, sin embargo, existen pocos estudios sobre entrenamiento físico, el síndrome de lipodistrofia y cardiología. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el riesgo de cardiopatía isquémica en pacientes con VIH/SIDA que reciben HAART que practican entrenamiento concurrente con series simples. MÉTODOS: Catorce sujetos se evaluaron utilizando la circunferencia de cintura, presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y diastólica (PAD), colesterol total (CT), HDL, LDL, triglicéridos (TG) y la glucosa. Para estimar el riesgo coronario en 10 años se utilizó el score de Framingham. RESULTADOS: La mayoría de los sujetos estaban dentro de los límites de referencia de las variables analizadas, a excepción de LDL y TG. Trece sujetos (92,7%) estaban por debajo del riesgo coronario del 10% en 10 años, y sólo uno (7,3%) tenía riesgo moderado. Hubo una correlación significativa entre la duración del entrenamiento y la PAS. CONCLUSIÓN: Se sugiere llevar a cabo ensayos clínicos aleatorios para evaluar los mismos resultados de este estudio .

4.
Arch Physiol Biochem ; 118(5): 253-9, 2012 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22758792

ABSTRACT

Ectonucleotidases and the nucleotide metabolism have been implicated as important regulators in diabetes disease. We evaluated the ectonucleotidase activities and biochemical parameters in blood serum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats submitted a physical training protocol. We observed a raise in ATP, ADP, AMP and p-Nph-5'-TMP hydrolysis rate and in the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in rat blood serum, after 30 days of diabetes induction. However, in serum of rats submitted a physical training protocol by forced swimming, both the nucleotide hydrolysis rate and the lipids levels returned to the control values. Considering that diabetes leads to multiple pathophysiological alterations, the modulations observed in ectonucleotidase activities may be part of the events involved in these alterations. Then the physical training is a very important way to control the vascular alterations developed in diabetes.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Nucleotides/metabolism , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Animals , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Weight , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy , Hydrolysis , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
5.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-685688

ABSTRACT

A neuropatia autonômica diabética (NAD) é uma grave e comum complicação do diabetes. A neuropatia autonômica cardiovascular é uma das mais sérias e mais estudadas formas da NAD e está associada a alta morbidade e mortalidade em pacientes sintomáticos e assintomáticos, afetando a modulação autonômica e reduzindo a variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca (VFC). Os benefícios cardiovasculares, metabólicos e autonômicos após o exercício físico agudo e crônico, têm levado muitos investigadores a indicá-lo como uma conduta não-farmacológica no tratamento de diferentes doenças, inclusive o diabetes. Nesta revisão, apresentamos os efeitos do exercício físico na disfunção autonômica de pacientes com neuropatia autonômica, bem como os benefícios do exercício físico nessa disfunção, encontrados na literatura


Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a serious and common complication of diabetes. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is one of the most studied and clinically important forms of DAN. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, affecting autonomic modulation and reducing heart rate variability (HRV). Cardiovascular, metabolic and autonomic improvement induced by acute and chronic exercise have led many investigators to indicate exercise training as an important non-pharmacological treatment for different pathologies, include diabetes mellitus. In this review were carried out in literature the effects of exercise training in autonomic dysfunction in patients with autonomic neuropathy as well as the benefit of exercise training on control this dysfunction


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Exercise/physiology , Diabetic Neuropathies/complications , Diabetic Neuropathies/therapy , Diabetes Complications/physiopathology , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/complications , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology
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